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Crime Theories (Sociological) MCQ

Is control variable in scientific research methods, this is the experimental element that is constant and unchanged throughout the course of the investigation?

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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______ theories argue that the ruling class of society (the bourgeoisie) uses its power to keep the poor (the proletariat) in its place.

Answer

Correct Answer: Marxist

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According to Terrie Moffitt, a very small number of juveniles, ______, engage in chronic violent offenses and contribute to the majority of serious violent offenses in society.

Answer

Correct Answer: Life-course persistent offenders

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One of the first feminist theories of crime, ______, argued that females engage in a lower level of crime than males because of the lack of opportunity for women in society.

Answer

Correct Answer: Liberal feminism

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Gottfredson and Hirschi argued that an individual’s level of self-control is fixed at age ______ and remains stable throughout the life course.

Answer

Correct Answer: Five

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Wolfgang and Ferracuti argued that there is a subculture among the lower class in America that has conduct norms that promote ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The use of violence

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In learning theory, ______ relies on the use of rewards and punishments to reinforce behaviors.

Answer

Correct Answer: Operant conditioning

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Learning theory argues that learning occurs through ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Association

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According to Robert Sampson, ______ refers to the cohesion among residents and their ability to act for the common good of the neighborhood.

Answer

Correct Answer: Collective efficacy

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Wilson argued that the disappearance of ______ from the city center was responsible for Blacks and recent immigrants being stuck in undesirable, high crime areas, unable to make economic progress.

Answer

Correct Answer: Manufacturing jobs

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According to Park and Burgess, the least desirable part of the city to inhabit is the zone of ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Transition

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The ______ perspective differs from other theories of crime because of its focus on characteristics of environments that are associated with high crime rates.

Answer

Correct Answer: Social disorganization

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According to Messner and Rosenfeld, institutional ______ cause(s) high crime rates.

Answer

Correct Answer: Power imbalance

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The work of Robert Merton formed the basis for the ______ during the 1964 Johnson Administration’s effort to combat high national poverty rates.

Answer

Correct Answer: War on Poverty

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According to Robert Merton, when an individual is faced with anomie, which of the following is true?

Answer

Correct Answer: Crime might occur.

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The shift toward sociological explanations of crime in the middle of the ______ was followed by increased use of self-report data.

Answer

Correct Answer: 20th century

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