General Geology MCQ
Among cloud types, those that occur at the highest altitudes are the ________.
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Beach joggers prefer to run on the __________.
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Beach face
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If you travel away from a mid-ocean ridge you will find ________.
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Increasingly older rocks
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If metals are deposited in streambeds _____ would probably be used.
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Placer mining
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________ are smaller earthquakes of lesser magnitude that follow a major earthquake.
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Aftershocks
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Water stored above the water table _______.
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Surrounds the rock particles, leaving air between them
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Volcanoes _____.
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Can cause tsunamis
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The former, late paleozoic supercontinent is known as __________.
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The asthenosphere is the second layer of the earth characterized by ________.
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Soft rocks that flow easily
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Rapid cooling in molten, extrusive materials makes the resulting materials ________.
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Fine-grained
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Mount etna in sicily is an example of a/an _______ volcano.
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Intermittent
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Mining and forestry result in _________.
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Habitat loss
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Minerals that do not possess cleavage are said to possess ____________.
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Minerals found in the b horizon were dissolved in water and carried there by a process called ____.
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Deep-ocean trenches are associated with _____.
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Subduction zones
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Complete this statement: divergence is to moving away as convergence is to _______.
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Moving toward
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the movement of groundwater is ________.
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Any of the above according to the forces involved
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tectonic plates are pieces of the ________ that float on the more fluid ________ below.
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Lithosphere; asthenosphere
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radioactive isotopes are used to determine the ____________ (absolute/relative) age of rocks.
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Radiometric dating
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most mountain ranges are the result of ________ stress.
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Compressional
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The lithosphere of earth will not flow because it ________.
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Is too cool
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Japan's unique modernization pathway was most likely assisted by _________.
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Its relative location to other industrialized countries
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Structural damage from seismic vibrations would be worse ________
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Where older buildings were built on a thick layer of sediment
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In most organisms, ________ is the most plentiful substance making up their mass.
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________ would have the largest capacity to naturally remove sewage pollutants.
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Slightly clayey sand
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Mechanisms that enhance or drive change are known as ________.
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Closed feedback mechanisms
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Among the following choices, the closest match for the east pacific rise is ________.
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The Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
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All of the following descriptions apply to stratified drift (not glacial till) except for ________.
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Deposited directly from melting ice
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A worm would stand a poor chance of being fossilized because ________.
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Worms have no hard parts
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A ________ is an isolated remnant of bedrock standing above a wave-cut platform.
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Sea stack
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________ is an irregular, usually thin till layer laid down by a retreating glacier.
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Ground moraine
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Volcanoes form above subduction zones because ________.
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Water is squeezed out of the subducting slab and the water triggers melting of the overlying asthenosphere
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A hurricane causes the most damage in the coastal zone because of ________.
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Storm surge.
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________ describes the formation of one or more secondary magmas from a single parent magma.
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Magmatic differentiation
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________ are stratified sands and gravels carried away from the glacial terminus by meltwater.
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_____ stress results in rocks being shortened or flattened.
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Compressive
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________ controls the ease (or difficulty) of groundwater transmission through a porous material.
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Permeability
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A long-lived magma source located in the mantle is called a ________.
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Hot spot.
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Mt. st. helens in the u. s. and mt. fujiyama in japan are examples of ________.
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Composite volcanos.
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Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as ________.
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Aftershocks
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Island arcs and andean type mountains are both examples of mountains formed by ________.
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Subduction
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A fiord is a ________.
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A stream valley, deepened by glacial erosion, that floods as sea level rises
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Magma tends to rise toward earth's surface principally because ________.
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Rocks become less dense when they melt
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The ________ are a geologically old mountain range folded and deformed during the paleozoic.
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Appalachians in the eastern United States
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As a wave passes under a floating object, _____.
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The object will move vertically a distance equal to that of the wave height
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The concepts of ""stress"" and ""strain"" are related because ________.
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Stress causes strain
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Taproots, thorns, and fleshy stems are characteristics of ________.
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Xerophytes
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______ faults are associated with ______ plate boundaries.
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Megathrust; convergent
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Desert climate associated with a rain shadow is found ____.
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On the leeward (inward) side of coastal mountain ranges
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Cold water is ________ than warm water and salty water is ________ than fresh water.
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More dense; more dense
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A tsunami is ________.
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A sea wave generated by a displacement of water
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Rapids and waterfalls are more likely in ________.
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A V-shaped valley.
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Waterfalls are a characteristic of a ____.
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Bedrock channel
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________ is an abandoned, cutoff, meander loop.
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________ are characteristics of downcutting streams and a youthful stage of valley evolution.
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Rapids and lots of whitewater
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_____ igneous rocks are those that cool below the surface
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Intrusive
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Infiltration adds water to ________.
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The groundwater.
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The names primary and secondary refer to ___________.
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Wave speed
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The ________ is the line that marks the contact between land and sea.
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Shoreline
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Land has a ________ specific heat than water and therefore heats more ________.
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Lower; quickly
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It is always difficult to pump groundwater from _____.
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The vadose zone
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A gas under constant pressure will ____________ when ____________.
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Expand; heated
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Ephemeral streams ________.
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Have flowing water either episodically or during only a portion of the year
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In an overturned fold, the beds have rotated ________.
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More than 90 degrees.
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Water penetrating into soil promotes chemical weathering by acting as a weak ________.
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The best tool to use to compare the size of the continents is a _____.
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________ is the maximum possible damage designation on the mercalli scale.
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The core is ______. choose all that apply.
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Iron-rich, Denser than the crust
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Seamounts ________.
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Are volcanoes that form on the ocean floor
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A ________ is a defined, recognizable, mappable, rock unit with a known age.
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Correct Answer:
Formation
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