Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System MCQ
In 2015, Moore suggested that policy makers have failed to act to address racial discrimination in the criminal justice system because the U.S. Supreme Court has ______ racial disparities in its decision making. They have consistently discounted the constitutional significance of racial influences in the system.
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Correct Answer:
Perpetuated
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There is no substantial difference between the attitudes of white and black citizens toward the death penalty.
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False
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Hispanics have a higher incarceration rather than blacks.
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False
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Studies tend to show that race is not a factor in bail applications if dangerousness and bail history are controlled for.
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Correct Answer:
True
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In 1954, in Brown v. Board of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the doctrine of separate but equal.
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Correct Answer:
True
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According to the FBI’s Hate Crime Statistics, the number of hate crimes increased from 2012 to 2016 by over 1,200 incidents.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Enforcement and sentencing for violations of modern ______ laws have been frequent targets of claims of racial discrimination.
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Correct Answer:
Drug
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According to consensus theorists, ______.
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Individuals and the state have shared values
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In a study by Baldus (1987), even after taking into account nonracial variables, defendants charged with killing white victims were found to be ______% times more likely to receive the death penalty than those killing black victims.
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Correct Answer:
4.3
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The U.S. Sentencing Commission (2017) reported that black male offenders received sentences ______% longer than similarly situated white males from 2012 to 2015.
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Correct Answer:
19.1
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Economic and social factors are now understood to ______ racial disparities already experienced by people in minority groups who have felony convictions.
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Correct Answer:
Amplify
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Although courts have made efforts to reduce racism in jury selection, the defense and prosecution’s use of ______ to eliminate potential jurors remains a problematic area.
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Correct Answer:
Peremptory challenges
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Studies tend to show that race is ______ in bail applications once dangerousness to community and prior history at trial are controlled for.
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Correct Answer:
Not a factor
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Interactions involving ______ officers and black suspects are more likely to involve the use of coercion.
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Black
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Researchers have found that there is racism in certain ______ in the criminal justice system.
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Decision points
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Which group found that excessive force was used by LAPD officers against Rodney King and their actions were compounded by racism and bias?
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Correct Answer:
Christopher Commission
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Most studies of racism in the criminal justice system have focused on “grand apartheid.” This term means ______.
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Correct Answer:
Overt racism
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Which of the following aspects to racism deals with culture and biology are used to rationalize and justify superior position of a dominant culture?
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Correct Answer:
Ideological racism
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In the 1800s in the United States, the idea of racial inferiority helped support the institution of ______.
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Slavery
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Differences based on “race” refers to a group of people’s ______.
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Correct Answer:
Biological inheritance
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