All political scientists and scientists accept probabilistic explanation.
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False
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Normative knowledge that is evaluative, value laden, and concerned with prescribing what ought to be.
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True
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Global theories claim to describe and account for an entire body of human behavior.
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True
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Inductive reasoning differs from deductive reasoning because the premises do not guarantee the conclusion but instead lend support to it.
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True
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Deduction refers to the process of drawing and inference from a set of premises and observations.
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False
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The term parsimony refers to ______.
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The simplest explanation
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Cumulative knowledge, with respect to the scientific method, is ______.
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Based upon the results of prior studies
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A ______ statement is one that can, in principle, be rejected in the face of contravening empirical evidence.
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Falsifiable
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Scientists believe that their findings are based on ______, systematic observation.
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Objective
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The dominant methodological perspective in political science is ______.
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Empiricism
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The process of confirming or establishing a statement with evidence is known as
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Verification
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Characteristic of scientific knowledge; indicates that the methods used in making scientific discoveries are made explicit so that others can analyze and replicate findings is known as transmissible
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True
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______ is a statement or series of related that organize, explain, and predict phenomena
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Theory
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Social values and institutions that have a _______ existence in the minds of people living in a particular culture.
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Subjective
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Parsimony is the principle that among explanations or theories with equal degrees of confirmation, the simplest—the one based on the fewest assumptions and explanatory factors—is to be preferred; sometimes known as Ockham’s razor
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True
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Knowledge that is evaluative, value-laden, and concerned with prescribing what ought to be is called
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Normative knowledge
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Knowledge concerned not with evaluation or prescription but with factual or objective determinations is called
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Non normative knowledge
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Philosophical approach to the study of human behavior that claims that one must understand the way individuals see their world in order to truly understand their behavior or actions; philosophical objection to the empirical approach to political science is called interpretation
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True
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_____ is the process of reasoning from specific observations to theories about behaviors or events in general
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Induction
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A characteristic of scientific knowledge is that it be applicable to many rather than just a few cases. Is called general
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True
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A property of a statement or hypothesis such that it can (in principle, at least) be rejected in the face of contravening evidence.is called
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Falsifiability
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_____ is characteristic of scientific knowledge; signifying that a conclusion can be derived from a set of general propositions and specific initial considerations; providing a systematic, empirically verified understanding of why a phenomenon occurs as it does.
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Explanatory
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Relying on observation to verify propositions is called empiricism
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True
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_____ is the process of reasoning from general theory to making predictions about events or behavior in specific situations.
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Deduction
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Characteristic of scientific knowledge; new substantive findings and research techniques are built upon those of previous studies is called cumulative
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True
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The philosophical stance that disciplines such as _____ should assess society critically and seek to improve it, not merely st_udy it objectively is called critical theory
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Political science
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An approach to knowledge that asserts humans actually construct—through their social interactions and cultural and historical practices—many of the facts they take for granted as having an independent, objective, or material reality is called constructionism
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True
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Human behavior done for a reason is known as actions
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True
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