1. ________ streams are not connected to groundwater systems and only flow after precipitation events.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ephemeral
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2. What does the term "substrate" mean?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The material forming the bottom of a stream channel
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3. What is the term used to describe expansion or modification of a structure or development that would result in disturbance of any land within a Resource Protection Area?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Substantial Alteration
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4. What is another word for a set of local requirements that govern the dimensions of a particular zoning category?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Subdivision Code
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5. How many parts does a subdivision provide of an existing body of land?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two or more
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6. The structure and function of a stream are restored to what condition?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pre-existing condition
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7. The restoration of a stream's function and structure is known as what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stream Restoration
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8. What do we mean by ecosystem functions and processes?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recovery of ecosystem functions and processes
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9. What term describes the recovery of ecosystem functions and processes in a degraded aquatic habitat?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rehabilitation
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10. What is another name for surface water?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Flow
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11. Surface water flowing in a natural channel is called what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stream Flow
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12. What are stormwater wetlands used to remove?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollutants
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13. What are stormwater wetlands used for the primary purpose of removing?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Removing pollutants from stormwater
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14. Where are stormwater ponds in Fairfax County typically designed to control the peak runoff rate?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Selected storm events
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15. What type of pond is a dry pond?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stormwater ponds
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16. What does stormwater outfall release into?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A stream, river, or pond
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17. What is the release of stormwater into a stream, river, or pond known as?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Outfall
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18. What is the SWM Facility used to control?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stormwater runoff
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19. What is a structure that controls the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A pond
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20. What is surface water flow that results from rainfall?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stormwater
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21. What type of water flow does surface water result from?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Rainfall
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22. What does the storm sewer carry that is not street wash and snow melt?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Surface runoff
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23. At the end of a combined sewer system, what does it carry?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Wastewater
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24. What type of group is industry?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stakeholder
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25. What are examples of the groups of people that the Difficult Run watershed includes?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Residents, industry, local government, agencies, and community groups
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26. What is the general term used to describe a group of stormwater management techniques?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Controls
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27. What are the proposed improvements in the proposed uses of each lot?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Detailed engineering drawings of the proposed uses and improvements
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28. What happens when sheet flow occurs?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Runoff that flows over the ground surface as a thin, even layer
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29. What are runoff that flows over the ground surface as a thin, even layer called?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sheet Flow
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30. What is the process that allows rock material to accumulate to form deposits?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sedimentation
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31. What type of materials are found in sediment?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Organic materials and/or minerals
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32. What destroys wildlife habitat?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sediment
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33. What causes sediment to be removed from a stream bed?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fast moving water
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34. What is the term for removal of sediment from the streambed and banks?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Scour
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35. A run is characterized by what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moderate depths
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36. What portion of precipitation, snowmelt, or irrigation water flows off the land into surface waters instead of infiltrating?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Runoff
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37. What are streams that are generally characterized by a high slope (gradient)?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Riffle/Run
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38. What kind of reach is a riffle?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A reach of stream
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39. What is placed on a streambank to prevent erosion?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Riprap
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40. What is a protective layer of stones placed on a stream bank to prevent?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Erosion
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41. What type of natural ecosystem does a riparian buffer provide?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Complex
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42. What provides a transition zone between water and human land use?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Riparian Buffer
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43. What do ri-perian buffers filter?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Polluted runoff
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44. What is the average time between an event having the same characteristics?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Return Period
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45. Wetlands are used to modify stormwater quantity control systems to improve what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water quality
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46. What is the term for the modification of stormwater quantity control systems through the modification of wet ponds, wetland plantings, or other best management practices designed to improve water quality?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retrofit
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47. What type of Pond is called a Retention Basin?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stormwater management
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48. What does a retention basin usually contain?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water
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49. What is an example of a stormwater management pond that stores water for the purpose of improving water quality?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retention Basin
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50. What is the term for the storage of stormwater?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Retention
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51. What are the lands at or near the shoreline or water's edge called?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Protection Area
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52. What do Resource Protection Areas prevent?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Erosion
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53. What is the Virginia Code of County of Fairfax?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Chapter 118
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54. What type of soil is typically contained in an RMA?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Highly erodible or permeable soils
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55. How many acres of land are covered by a Regional Pond?
Answer
Correct Answer:
300
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56. How large is the drainage area for a Regional Pond?
Answer
Correct Answer:
100 to 300 acres
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57. What is the term for alterations, rehabilitation, or rebuilding?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Redevelopment
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58. Where does recharge occur?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Groundwater aquifer
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59. Rainfall that seeps into a groundwater aquifer is an example of what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Recharge
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60. What are reach measurements used for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
General term used to describe a length of stream
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61. What is the term used to describe a length of stream?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reach
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62. A reach is a length of what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stream
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63. What type of container is a barrel?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A storage container connected to a roof downspout
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64. What structure is used to collect runoff from a building?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Barrel
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65. What is the goal of stormwater management facilities?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Remove pollutants from runoff
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66. What type of facilities reduce peak discharges post-development?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stormwater management facilities
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67. What could a property be before it is developed?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pre-Development
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68. What does Pre-Development refer to when plans for land development of a tract of land are approved?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The conditions that exist at the time
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69. What is the term used to describe post development of property?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Post-Development
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70. What is the pool: The reach of a stream between two riffles; a small and relatively deep body of quiet water in a stream or river?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Natural streams often consist of a succession of pools and riffles
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71. What is a term used to describe the reach of a stream between two riffles?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pool
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72. What is the term used to describe how much a pollutant enters a surface water or groundwater system?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollutant Loading
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73. Pollutant Loading is typically determined by what and expressed in terms such as pounds per acre, per year?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water quality modeling
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74. What type of pollutant degrades the water's quality?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Any substance introduced to water
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75. Any substance introduced to water that degrades its physical chemical or biological quality is considered to be what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Pollutant
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76. What does the EPA define as an air pollution "point source"?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Any discernible, confined conveyance
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77. What is the term used to refer to a confined conveyance?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Point Source
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78. Phosphorus is the keystone pollutant in determining pollutant removal efficiencies for what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Various best management practices
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79. What is the keystone pollutant in determining pollutant removal efficiencies for various best management practices?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phosphorus
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80. What does pervious mean?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Any material that allows for the passage of liquid through it
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81. What sort of life do perennial streams support?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Aquatic
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82. What are streams that flow year-round called?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Perennial Streams
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83. What is a primary design factor of a stormwater runoff facility?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Peak discharge
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84. What is the term for the point at which water flows from one waterbody to another?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Outlet
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85. What is the point where discharge from a regulated system flows into waters of the United States?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Outfall
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86. In a project that is set aside for public or private use, the area may be reserved to protect or buffer what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Natural areas
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87. What is a portion of a development site that is set aside for public or private use?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Open Space
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88. What is the purpose of an on-site stormwater management facility?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Control runoff
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89. What type of facility is designed to control runoff from a small area?
Answer
Correct Answer:
On-Site Stormwater Management
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90. What are plants capable of doing to take nutrients from the water?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nutrient Uptake
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91. Nutrient uptake is the process in which what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plants absorb nutrients
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92. What does "nutrient" mean in the context of nutrition?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A substance that provides food or nourishment
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93. What are a few examples of NPS Pollution?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sediment, nitrogen, phosphorous
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94. What is required by plants?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nitrogen
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95. What percentage of the atmosphere is made up of nitrogen?
Answer
Correct Answer:
78 percent
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96. What are the EPA sections that NPDES regulates?
Answer
Correct Answer:
307, 402, 318 and 405
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97. What does NPDES stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
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98. What type of permit does an MS4 require?
Answer
Correct Answer:
NPDES
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99. What's the opposite of mitigation?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Development
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100. What is the term used to make a development scenario less harmful than the original plan?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mitigation
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101. What type of pool is a micropool?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A small permanent pool
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102. What is a micropool?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A small permanent pool in a larger stormwater pond system
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103. What is the term for the small pool in a larger stormwater pond?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Micropool
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104. What can you find in the rocks of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of Virginia?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Micas
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105. What is another name for mica-rich rocks?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Micaceous
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106. What type of land area is periodically inundated with water?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A wet land area
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107. What is an example of a low-impact development technique?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Grassy swales
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108. Low impact development can be designed to enhance or take advantage of what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Natural conditions
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109. What term is used to describe the practice of reducing stormwater impact from development?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low-Impact Development
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110. What is one example of a water-soluble material in soil that could be leached?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Salts
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111. What is the process by which water-soluble materials in soil are washed into a lower layer of soil?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Leaching
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112. In what type of activity are commercial and residential lands used?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Land Use
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113. Most of the land changes result in what?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Soil erosion
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114. What can cause soil erosion?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Water or wind
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115. What does the term "land development" describe?
Answer
Correct Answer:
A man-made change to, or construction on, the land surface
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116. What is the term used to describe an area of existing development and infill sites in which little of the natural environment remains?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Intensely Developed Area
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