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Introduction to Geology MCQ

1. The dead sea and the sea of galilee __________________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Are pull-apart basins and the result of strike-slip motion

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2. In the map below, the vertical, north-south trending fault is a ________ fault.

Answer

Correct Answer: Left-lateral strike-slip

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3. The atmosphere around earth can cause global warming because ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Molecules in the atmosphere are warmed by radiation from Earth and retain that heat

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4. Deposition of glacial rock flour from blowing winds is responsible for ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Loess deposits.

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5. If you were to dig into a drumlin, you would find ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Unsorted glacial till

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6. If you travel away from a midocean ridge you will find ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Increasingly older rocks

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7. If the glacial budget is balanced (accumulation equals wastage), then ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The terminus of the glacier is stationary

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8. If a sandstone lies on top of a shale, ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The shale must be older, according to the principle of superposition

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9. Groundwater overdraft occurs when _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The rate of use exceeds the rate of replenishment

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10. Groundwater is the largest reservoir of ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Freshwater that is readily available to humans

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11. Grains become rounded primarily during ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Transportation

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12. For a geologist, the most important characteristic of a sedimentary rock is its ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Layering

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13. Foliated metamorphic rocks possess ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Mineral grains in preferred orientations or patterns of association (banding)

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14. Fluvial process includes both the stream flow within valleys as well as ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Overland flow

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15. Features of a depositional coast may include spits, barrier islands, tombolos, and __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Deltas

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16. Confining pressure results from the ________ of rocks.

Answer

Correct Answer: Burial

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17. Complete this statement: divergence is to moving away as convergence is to _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Moving toward

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18. Chemical weathering would be most effective ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: In a warm, wet climate

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19. Channels with gradual slopes often develop a sinuous form called a ________ pattern.

Answer

Correct Answer: Meandering stream

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20. California accounts for _______ of all u.s. earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 and above.

Answer

Correct Answer: 23%

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21. Biochemical limestones are dominated by carbonate mud and fragments of ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Skeletons of marine invertebrates made of calcite and aragonite

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22. Beach joggers prefer to run on the __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Beach face

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23. At a bend in a river, the main erosion is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: On the outside of the bend

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24. As shown by the south dakota example, artesian systems __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Are able to transmit water great distances from recharge to discharge areas

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25. Among the following choices, the closest match for a divergent boundary is ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: The East African Rift valley

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26. All of the following are possible indicators that creep is occurring except for ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: An extremely thick soil profile

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27. Water currents along the coastline of chile pull up deep water that is __________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Warm and high in nutrients

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28. Hot, plastic material of the asthenosphere is most conspicuous at ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Divergent plate boundaries

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29. A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation.

Answer

Correct Answer: Analogous

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30. A ________ fault has little or no vertical movements of the two blocks.

Answer

Correct Answer: Strike Slip

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