Principles of Microeconomics MCQ
1. What is utility maximization?
Answer
Correct Answer:
An assumption that people try to achieve the highest level of utility given their budget constraint.
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2. What is included in total costs?
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Correct Answer:
The sum of variable costs and fixed costs
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3. What is the total cost?
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Correct Answer:
The sum of variable and fixed costs
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4. A time-series graph plots a variable over what?
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5. What is a time-series graph?
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Correct Answer:
A graph that plots a variable over time, usually with time on the horizontal axis.
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6. What is TANF?
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Correct Answer:
Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program
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7. What was the Smoot-Hawley tariff?
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Correct Answer:
A set of tariffs imposed in 1930 that raised the average tariff level to 59 percent by 1932.
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8. What was the average tariff level in 1932?
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Correct Answer:
59 percent
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9. What does the rule of reason require in order for antitrust cases to be decided?
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Correct Answer:
The existence of monopoly power and the intent to restrict trade
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10. What is the main purpose of revenue tariff?
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Correct Answer:
To provide revenue to the government
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11. What is the main purpose of a revenue tariff?
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Correct Answer:
To provide revenue to the government.
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12. What does return refer to in finance?
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Correct Answer:
The income received from the ownership of an asset
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13. What does the word "quota" mean?
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Correct Answer:
A governmental limit on the quantity of a good that may be imported or sold.
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14. What is a public good?
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Correct Answer:
A good or service that has two characteristics: nonrivalry in consumption and nonexcludability.
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15. What do public choice models assume?
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Correct Answer:
That those in government take actions to maximize their own well-being.
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16. What is the primary goal of those in government according to public choice models?
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Correct Answer:
Getting reelected
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17. Which of the following is an advantage of a proportional tax?
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Correct Answer:
The amount of tax paid is known in advance.
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18. What is property tax?
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Correct Answer:
A tax on the value of property owned.
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19. What are property rights?
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Correct Answer:
Rights over the use, sale, and proceeds from a good or resource.
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20. What is the definition of profits?
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Correct Answer:
Total revenue received from selling the product minus the total costs of producing the product
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21. What does "profit" mean?
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Correct Answer:
Total revenue received from selling the product minus the total costs of producing the product.
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22. What is Profit Sharing?
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Correct Answer:
A program where managers and employees receive a share of profits earned by the company.
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23. What is the name of the programs where managers and employees receive a share of profits earned by the firing?
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Correct Answer:
Profit sharing programs
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24. What is the definition of profit maximization?
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Correct Answer:
The highest possible level of profits—total revenue minus total costs—given their production function
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25. What is the goal of a firm that is profit maximizing?
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Correct Answer:
To achieve the highest possible level of profits
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26. What is the production possibilities curve?
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Correct Answer:
A curve showing the maximum combinations of production of two goods that are possible, given the economy’s resources.
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27. What is the term for a curve showing the maximum combinations of production of two goods that are possible, given the economy’s resources?
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Correct Answer:
Production possibilities curve
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28. What is "opportunity cost"?
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Correct Answer:
The value of the next-best forgone alternative that was not chosen because something else was chosen.
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29. What is normative economics?
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Correct Answer:
Economic analysis that makes recommendations about economic policy.
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30. What is normal profits?
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Correct Answer:
The amount of accounting profits when economic profits are equal to zero.
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31. What is the amount of accounting profits when economic profits are equal to zero?
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Correct Answer:
Normal profits
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32. What is a normal good?
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Correct Answer:
A good for which demand increases when income rises and decreases when income falls.
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33. What is the definition of "multilateral negotiations"?
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Correct Answer:
Simultaneous tariff reductions on the part of many countries
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34. What is the meaning of "multilateral"?
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Correct Answer:
Involving multiple countries
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35. What is movement along the curve called?
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Correct Answer:
Coordinate Shift
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36. What is Moral Hazard?
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Correct Answer:
A situation in which a person buys insurance against some risk and subsequently takes actions that increase the risks
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37. What is the definition of monopsony?
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Correct Answer:
A situation in which there is a single buyer of a particular good or service in a given market
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38. What does a monopoly refer to?
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Correct Answer:
One firm in an industry selling a product for which there are no close substitutes.
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39. What is the main characteristic of monopolistic competition?
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Correct Answer:
Many firms selling differentiated products
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40. What is a mixed economy?
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Correct Answer:
A market economy in which the government plays a very large role
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41. What is the minimum wage?
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Correct Answer:
Wage per hour below which it is illegal to pay workers.
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42. What is the minimum efficient scale?
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Correct Answer:
The smallest scale of production for which long-run average total cost is at a minimum.
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43. What is the focus of microeconomics?
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Correct Answer:
Individual decision-making at firms and households
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44. What is the Medicare?
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Correct Answer:
Government health insurance program for the elderly
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45. What is Medicare?
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Correct Answer:
Medicare is a government health insurance program for the elderly.
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46. What is Medicaid?
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Correct Answer:
A health insurance program designed primarily for families with low incomes.
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47. What does the median voter theorem state?
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Correct Answer:
That the median or middle of political preferences will be reflected in government decisions.
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48. What is the law of supply?
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Correct Answer:
The tendency for the quantity supplied of a good in a market to increase as its price rises.
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49. What is the law of demand?
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Correct Answer:
The tendency for the quantity demanded of a good in a market to decline as its price rises.
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50. The law of demand states that the quantity demanded of a good in a market will _____ as its price rises.
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51. What is a labor union?
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Correct Answer:
A coalition of workers, organized to improve the wages and working conditions of the members.
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52. What is an industrial union?
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Correct Answer:
A union organized within a given industry, whose members come from a variety of occupations.
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53. Where is the individual demand curve located?
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Correct Answer:
On the y-axis
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54. What is an indifference curve?
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Correct Answer:
A curve showing the combinations of two goods that leave the consumer with the same level of utility
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55. What does an indifference curve show?
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Correct Answer:
The combinations of two goods that leave the consumer with the same level of utility
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56. What is a situation in which producing more of one good requires giving up an increasing amount of production of another good?
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Correct Answer:
Increasing opportunity cost
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57. What is income inequality?
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Correct Answer:
Disparity in levels of income among individuals in the economy.
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58. What is the income elasticity of demand?
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Correct Answer:
The percentage change in quantity demanded of a good divided by the percentage change in income.
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59. What is human capital?
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Correct Answer:
A person's accumulated knowledge and skills
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60. What do housing assistance programs provide subsidies for?
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Correct Answer:
Both renting housing for low-income families and building low-income housing
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61. What is GDP?
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Correct Answer:
The value of all the goods and services newly produced in an economy during a specified period of time
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62. What is government failure?
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Correct Answer:
A situation in which the government makes things worse than the market, even though there may be market failure.
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63. Which of the following is not a type of fringe benefit?
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Correct Answer:
Direct money payments
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64. What are some examples of fringe benefits?
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Correct Answer:
Insurance, retirement benefits, vacation time, and maternity and sick leave
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65. Prices that are determined by the individuals and firms interacting in markets are what?
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Correct Answer:
Freely determined prices
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66. What are "freely determined prices"?
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Correct Answer:
Prices that are determined by the individuals and firms interacting in markets.
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67. What is an FTA?
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Correct Answer:
An area that has no trade barriers between the countries in the area.
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68. What is the equilibrium risk-return relationship?
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Correct Answer:
The positive relationship between the risk and the expected rate of return on an asset
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69. What is the equilibrium quantity?
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Correct Answer:
The quantity traded at the equilibrium price.
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70. What is the equilibrium price?
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Correct Answer:
The price at which quantity supplied equals quantity demanded.
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71. What is an emission tax?
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Correct Answer:
A charge made to firms that pollute the environment based on the quantity of pollution they emit.
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72. What is the demand for which the price elasticity is greater than 1?
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Correct Answer:
Elastic demand
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73. When did the Doha Development Round negotiations open?
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Correct Answer:
November 2001
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74. What is the definition of division of labor?
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Correct Answer:
The division of production into various parts in which different groups of workers specialize.
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75. What is the division of labor?
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Correct Answer:
The division of production into various parts in which different groups of workers specialize
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76. What is the dividend yield?
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Correct Answer:
The dividend stated as a percentage of the price of the stock.
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77. What is a diseconomy of scale?
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Correct Answer:
A situation in which long-run average total cost increases as the output of a firm increases.
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78. What is the process of discounting?
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Correct Answer:
Translating a future payment into a value in the present.
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79. What is the present discounted value?
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Correct Answer:
The value of a future payment discounted at an interest rate
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80. What is the discount rate?
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Correct Answer:
An interest rate used to discount a future payment when computing present discounted value.
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81. What is a customs union?
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Correct Answer:
A free trade area with a common external tariff.
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82. What does the Current Population Survey measure?
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Correct Answer:
Employment, unemployment, the labor force, and other characteristics of the U.S. population.
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83. Cross-price elasticity of demand is the percentage change in what, divided by the percentage change in the price of another good?
Answer
Correct Answer:
The quantity demanded of one good
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84. What is a craft union?
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Correct Answer:
A union organized to represent a single occupation, whose members come from a variety of industries.
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85. What is a coupon?
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Correct Answer:
The fixed amount that a borrower agrees to pay to the bondholder each year.
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86. How many members are on the Council of Economic Advisers?
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87. What is cost-benefit analysis?
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Correct Answer:
An appraisal of a project based on the costs and benefits derived from it.
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88. What is a corporate income tax?
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Correct Answer:
A tax on the accounting profits of corporations.
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89. What is a cooperative outcome?
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Correct Answer:
An equilibrium in a game where the players agree to cooperate.
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90. What is convergence of positions?
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Correct Answer:
The concentration of the stances of political parties around the center of citizens' opinions.
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91. What is a controlled experiment?
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Correct Answer:
An empirical test of a theory in a controlled setting in which particular effects can be isolated.
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92. What is a contestable market?
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Correct Answer:
A market in which the threat of competition is enough to encourage firms to act like competitors.
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93. What does a budget line show?
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Correct Answer:
The maximum combinations of two goods that it is possible for a consumer to buy
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94. What is budget constraint?
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Correct Answer:
An income limitation on a person's expenditure on goods and services.
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95. What is a budget constraint?
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Correct Answer:
An income limitation on a person’s expenditure on goods and services.
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96. What is the formula for average variable cost?
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Correct Answer:
Variable costs divided by the quantity produced
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97. What does AVC stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Average variable cost
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98. What is average total cost pricing?
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Correct Answer:
A regulatory method that stipulates that the firm charge a price that equals average total cost.
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99. What does ATC stand for?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Average total cost
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100. What is the average tax rate?
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Correct Answer:
The total tax paid divided by the total taxable income.
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101. What is average revenue?
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Correct Answer:
Total revenue divided by quantity
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102. What is average fixed cost?
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Correct Answer:
Fixed costs divided by the quantity produced
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Materials Engineering MCQs | Topic-wise