Public opinion polls generally show that Americans favor keeping the death penalty as a punishment for murder.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Truth in sentencing laws have resulted in lower sentences for most violent offenders.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Because of the Adam Walsh Act, juvenile sex offenders 14 years or older must automatically register as sex offenders for life, with a minimum period of registration of 25 years.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Given that black street level drug dealers are easy targets for police arrest, police choose to arrest more blacks and more blacks are imprisoned. In policy terms, arresting street level offenders for drug offenses has the greatest effect on drug availability.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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As discussed in this chapter specifically in relation to the War on Drugs and the Three Strikes legislation, policy choices sometimes have a disproportionate impact on minorities.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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In which court case did Judge Rakoff argue that the use of capital punishment is unconstitutional because there is no longer any certainty of a person’s guilt in a capital offense?
Answer
Correct Answer:
United States v. Quinones
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Which act passed in 1996 undermined the ability of death row inmates to use federal habeas corpus procedures to have their cases reviewed in federal courts?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act
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The Supreme Court case that ultimately claimed that the execution of anyone under the age of 18 at the time of their crime is a violation of the Eighth Amendment was the ______ case.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Roper v. Simmons
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To be more ethical with regard to sexual predators of children, legislation needs to focus less on stranger pedophiles and more on ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Offenses against children occurring in the family
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During the 1990s, which group emerged as a distinct and dangerous criminal class associated with the belief that children are more vulnerable to sexual abuse and molestation?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sex offenders
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Which act passed in 1970 introduced a classification system for licit and illicit drugs and, based on this, criminalized drug distribution, possession and use.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
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Three-strikes laws have a number of adverse implications. Which of the following is not one of them?
Answer
Correct Answer:
They remove repeat offenders from society.
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Many current policies and criminal justice trends lack an ethical focus. Which of the following is not subjected to that accusation in this chapter?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Community–oriented policing
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The data on recidivism suggests that sex offenders do not have higher recidivism rates than other offenders.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The 110th edition of the World Population List stated that the United States has the second highest prison population worldwide at the end of October 2015.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Which act, passed in 2010, reformed drug sentencing by repealing the five-year mandatory sentence for first-time offenders and for repeat offenders with less than 28 grams of cocaine?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fair Sentencing Act
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Mooney (2001) argues that the United States has a preoccupation with morality policy and suggests that the reasons for this relate to ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The heterogeneity of society that encourages a clash of values
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The various theories of “moral panic,” while different in their explanation for the phenomenon, generally teach that ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Social problems, such as crime, may arise, but policy makers should not overreact to them because the public does
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Which of the following is a way of thinking about the ethics about criminal justice policy making?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Those designing policies should act ethically in formulating plans and projects.
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Which of Reamer’s (1986) grounds argues certain policies are desirable because they fit a set of assumptions that may be based on religious beliefs, practice, or even basic intuition?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ideological
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