Anything that may vary from one case to the next is called _____.
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Variable
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The degree to which a variable measures what we think it is measuring is called _____.
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Validity
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The who or what that data describe. These tend to consist of individuals or groups/places is called units of analysis.
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True
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Numeric representations of reality that facilitate our ability to describe, communicate, predict, and act is called _____.
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Statistics
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The degree to which a measure yields consistent results is called _____.
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Reliability
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_____ consist of a circle cut into “pie slices” that add up to 100%.
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Pie charts
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Variables operationalized at the ordinal level have attributes that can be rank-ordered, but those attributes do not reflect actual numeric values is called _____.
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Ordinal
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The process of developing a variable that measures a concept is called _____.
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Operationalization
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Variables operationalized at the nominal level have attributes that cannot be rank-ordered is called a_____.
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Nominal
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Mutual exclusive is a necessary condition for variables that is met when each case can be applied to only one attribute of a variable.
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True
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Opportunities to achieve personal goals originate in class standing are called _____.
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Life chances
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The degree of mathematical precision that can be applied to a variable is known as levels of measurement.
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True
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Variables with attributes based on real or relative numeric value is called _____.
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Ratio
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Individualistic fallacy is a type of _____.
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Error
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The variable that is controlled or held constant in a hypothesis is called ______.
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Independent variable
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A prediction about the distribution of a variable or the association between two variables is called _____.
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Hypothesis
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Used with interval/ratio variables is called _____.
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Histogram
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A type of error that results from concluding individuals from characteristics of a group is called ______.
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Ecological fallacy
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The part of a hypothesis that predicts whether two variables are positively or negatively associated is called direction of effect.
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True
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The variable is influenced by changes in the independent variable is called dependant variable.
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True
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The process of defining what we mean by a concept is called _____.
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Conceptualization
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An idea that we think represents something in the real world is called _____.
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Concept
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A necessary condition for variables that is met when the attributes of a variable include every possible response is called ______.
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Collectively exhaustive
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A series of bars represent the different attributes of a variable is called _____.
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Bar chart
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A logical set of characteristics for a variable is called _____.
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Attributes
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A societal condition in which the normative standards of behavior are unclear is called _____.
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Anomie
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Phenomena that are not explained by existing models of understanding are called _____.
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Anomalies
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A condition in which people suffer from a “disconnection” between themselves and their work and disconnection from one another is called ______.
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Alienation
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