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Making Sense of Data in Political Science MCQ

A ______ is a type of bar graph in which the height and area of the bars are proportional to the frequencies in each category of a nominal variable or in intervals of a continuous variable.

Dot plot

Histogram

Boxplot

Pictogram

Answer

Correct Answer: Histogram

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What percentage of observations should fall above the mean in the normal distribution?

50 percent

68 percent

80 percent

95 percent

Answer

Correct Answer: 50 percent

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Which of the following accurately describes the normal distribution?

The bulk of observations lie in the center, where there is a single peak.

All observations like above the mean.

The mean, medium, and mode have the different numerical values.

The spread of the distribution is asymmetric.

Answer

Correct Answer: The bulk of observations lie in the center, where there is a single peak.

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The mean is a good example of a resistant measure that is not sensitive to one or a few extreme values.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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A measure of central tendency indicates the variability of a distribution.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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Which of the following measures of central tendency describes the most frequently observed value in a batch of numbers?

Mode

Range

Median

Mean

Answer

Correct Answer: Mode

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Which of the following measures of central tendency describes the average value in a batch of numbers?

Median

Range

Mean

Mode

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean

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A descriptive statistic is a number that, because of its definition and formula, describes certain characteristics or properties of a batch of numbers.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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A relative frequency is the total proportion of observations at or below a value in a frequency distribution.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: False

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A frequency distribution is often a better way to present small amounts of data.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Variance is measured ____ of data points about the mean for interval- and ratio-level data.

Distribution

Dispersion

Disposition

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Dispersion

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Standard deviation is the measure of ____ data points about the mean for interval- and ratio-level data.

Distribution

Dispersion

Disposition

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Dispersion

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A measure of central tendency that is not sensitive to one or a few extreme values in a distribution is called

Resistant

Range

Frequency

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Resistant

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Percentages or proportions of total numbers of ____ in a frequency distribution that have a particular value is relative frequency.

Variables

Observations

Experiments

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Observations

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The distance between the highest and lowest values or the range of categories into which observations fall is called

Mean

Median

Range

Mode

Answer

Correct Answer: Range

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In _____ skewed distribution of values in which fewer observations lie to the right of the middle value and those observations are fairly distant from the mean.

Positive

Negative

Constant

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Positive

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In which value that is far greater or smaller than other values in a recorded variable is called?

Range

Outlier

Skewed

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Outlier

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A normal distribution defined by a mathematical formula and the graph of which has a symmetrical, bell shape in which the mean, the mode, and the median coincide.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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In ____ skewed distribution of values in which fewer observations lie to the left of the middle value and those observations are fairly distant from the mean.

Positive

Negative

Constant

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Negative

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The category with the greatest frequency of observations is called

Mean

Median

Mode

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Mode

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The category or value above and below which one-half of the observations lie is called

Mean

Median

Mode

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Median

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The sum of the values of a variable divided by the number of values is called

Mean

Median

Mode

Ratio

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean

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The difference between the ___ and first quartiles.

Second

Third

Fourth

Zero

Answer

Correct Answer: Third

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Histogram is type of bar graph in which the height and area of the bars are proportional to the frequencies in each category of a nominal variable or intervals of a continuous variable.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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Frequency distribution is the number of observations per value or category of a variable.

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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The distribution of data values around the most frequent, middle, or central value is called

Dispersion

Distribution

Observation

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Dispersion

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_____ statistics is a number that, because of its definition and formula, describes certain characteristics or properties of a batch of numbers.

Physical

Descriptive

Cumulative

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Descriptive

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Data matrix is an array of rows and columns that stores the values of a set of ____ for all the cases in a data set.

Values

Variables

Scores

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Variables

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The total percentage of observations at or below a value in a frequency distribution is called

Cumulative percentage

Average percentage

Addictive percentage

All of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Cumulative percentage

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Central tendency is most frequent, middle, or central value in a frequency distribution

True

False

Answer

Correct Answer: True

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