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Geotechnical Engineering MCQ

1. What does compaction refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: The densification of a soil by means of mechanical manipulation

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2. What is cohesion?

Answer

Correct Answer: Cohesion is the force that holds particles of a substance together.

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3. What is the SI unit of Cohesion?

Answer

Correct Answer: Coulomb

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4. What is the literal meaning of "cohesion"?

Answer

Correct Answer: The bond between soil particles

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5. What is the name of the clay structure that has a strong attraction to water and may swell 20x its original volume when saturated?

Answer

Correct Answer: Montmorillonite

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6. What is the name of the circle constructed in the triaxial test using the measured stresses?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mohr's circle

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7. What is the modulus of subgrade reaction?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio between the bearing pressure of a foundation and the corresponding settlement at a given point.

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8. How many layers are compacted in the Modified Proctor test?

Answer

Correct Answer: Five

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9. What is the Modified Proctor test used to determine?

Answer

Correct Answer: Maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of soils

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10. Which of the following is not an example of metamorphic rock?

Answer

Correct Answer: Granite

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11. What is metamorphic rock?

Answer

Correct Answer: Igneous or sedimentary rock that has changed by heat and/or pressure.

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12. What is the mean value of the three orthogonal stresses?

Answer

Correct Answer: Mean normal stress

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13. What is the maximum dry density of a soil?

Answer

Correct Answer: The maximum dry density of a soil is the density of soil at 100% compaction.

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14. What is a Mat foundation?

Answer

Correct Answer: A structural slab used as a footing which usually encompasses the entire building footprint

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15. A mat foundation is used to spread building loads over _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: A large area

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16. What are long-term conditions?

Answer

Correct Answer: Conditions in the ground where full consolidation has taken place and the soils are fully-drained.

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17. The failure surface is curved behind a retaining structure in what theory?

Answer

Correct Answer: Log-spiral earth pressure theory

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18. Which among the following is not a property of the Log-spiral earth pressure theory?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure surface is curved behind a retaining structure

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19. What is the liquidity index?

Answer

Correct Answer: A measure of the relationship between the current water content of a soil and its consistency limits.

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20. What is the water content above which the soil will flow like a liquid?

Answer

Correct Answer: Liquid limit

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21. What is the main cause of Liquefaction?

Answer

Correct Answer: Sudden, large decrease of shear strength of cohesionless soil

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22. Leaching is the removal of what from soils?

Answer

Correct Answer: Salts and soluble substances

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23. What is leachate?

Answer

Correct Answer: The leached liquid from the soil, rich in minerals

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24. What is the main color of Kaolinite?

Answer

Correct Answer: White

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25. What does the term "isotropic" refer to in the context of soil mechanics?

Answer

Correct Answer: Refer to permeability and stress-strain characteristics.

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26. What does the term "isotropic" refer to?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soil properties

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27. What is the meaning of "Isolated footing?"

Answer

Correct Answer: A footing designed to support a structural load from a single column.

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28. What is the full form of Geotechnical?

Answer

Correct Answer: Geotechnical instruments used to monitor conditions such as deformations, pressures, loads, etc.. within the ground.

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29. What is the purpose of instrumentation in geotechnical engineering?

Answer

Correct Answer: To monitor conditions such as deformations, pressures, loads, etc. within the ground.

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30. What are index properties?

Answer

Correct Answer: Attributes of a soil such as moisture content, void ratio, specific gravity, Atterberg limits and grain size distribution

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31. What is immediate settlement?

Answer

Correct Answer: The settlement of a foundation occurring immediately upon loading.

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32. What is the name of the clay structure where potassium ions hold together a silica and aluminum molecule?

Answer

Correct Answer: Illite

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33. What holds together the silica and aluminum molecule in Illite?

Answer

Correct Answer: Potassium ions

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34. What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?

Answer

Correct Answer: Intrusive rocks are molten when they solidify, while extrusive rocks are solid when they solidify.

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35. What are Igneous rocks?

Answer

Correct Answer: Rocks that were once molten

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36. Hydrostatic pore pressure is caused by:

Answer

Correct Answer: Pore water pressures that increase linearly with depth below the ground surface.

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37. What laboratory test is used to determine the amount and distribution of finer particles of a soil sample?

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrometer Test

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38. What is a hydrometer test?

Answer

Correct Answer: Laboratory test used to determine the amount and distribution of finer particles of a soil sample.

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39. What does the hydraulic gradient tell us?

Answer

Correct Answer: The difference in total head divided by the length of the flow path

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40. The difference in total head divided by the length of the flow path is called the ______.

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydraulic gradient

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41. Hydrolic conductivity is best defined as _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: The constant average discharge velocity of water passing through soil when the hydraulic gradient is equal to 1.0.

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42. What does hydraulic conductivity measure?

Answer

Correct Answer: The constant average discharge velocity of water passing through soil.

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43. What is the purpose of the Hveem's Resistance Value Test?

Answer

Correct Answer: To evaluate the resistance of a re-molded soil sample to be used in a pavement section.

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44. What does the Hveem's Resistance Value Test measure?

Answer

Correct Answer: The resistance of a re-molded soil sample to be used in a pavement section.

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45. What is horizontal stress?

Answer

Correct Answer: Total or effective stress acting in a horizontal direction.

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46. What is strain measured in a horizontal direction called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Horizontal strain

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47. What is horizontal strain?

Answer

Correct Answer: Strain measured in a horizontal direction.

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48. What does homogenous mean?

Answer

Correct Answer: Having the same engineering and index properties

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49. What is an earth dam?

Answer

Correct Answer: A dam whose embankment is formed of one soil type without a systematic zoning of fill materials.

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50. What is the main force that keeps a gravity wall in place?

Answer

Correct Answer: Self weight

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51. What is the name for a retaining wall which uses its own weight to provide stability against overturning and sliding?

Answer

Correct Answer: Gravity wall

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52. What is a grain size distribution curve?

Answer

Correct Answer: A curve drawn on a log scale to represent the distribution of particle sizes in a soil.

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53. What is the primary function of geotextiles?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soil stabilization

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54. What is Frost jacking?

Answer

Correct Answer: A pile forced upward due to freezing ground moving upward or repeated freeze-thaw events.

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55. What load bearing ability does a friction pile have?

Answer

Correct Answer: Skin friction between the soil and the pile

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56. What is the founding depth?

Answer

Correct Answer: The depth below the ground surface where the base of a foundation is located.

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57. What is the depth below the ground surface where the base of a foundation is located called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Founding depth

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58. What is the purpose of a foundation in an engineered structure?

Answer

Correct Answer: Transmit the structure's forces into the soil or rock that supports it.

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59. What is the purpose of a foundation?

Answer

Correct Answer: To transmit the structure's forces into the soil or rock that supports it.

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60. Footing is an enlargement at the base of a foundation that is designed to transmit forces to:

Answer

Correct Answer: The soil

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61. What is the primary purpose of a footing?

Answer

Correct Answer: To transmit forces to the soil

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62. What is the velocity of water flow through a soil called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Flow velocity

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63. What causes flow slide shear failure?

Answer

Correct Answer: Loose, saturated, uniform sands

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64. What is the definition of Flow rate?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of total volume of water flowing to a particular unit of time.

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65. What is the ratio of total volume of water flowing to a particular unit of time called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Flow rate

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66. What is the total volume of water flowing in a seepage analysis called?

Answer

Correct Answer: Flow quantity

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67. What does flow quantity refer to in seepage analysis?

Answer

Correct Answer: The total volume of water flowing

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68. What is the flow line?

Answer

Correct Answer: The path water will follow traveling from high head to low head in a seepage flow analysis.

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69. What is the width and depth of a fissured clay?

Answer

Correct Answer: Width and depth tends to increase upon drying.

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70. What is the fines content in the soil?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soil grains smaller than No. 200 sieve (0.075 mm)

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71. What are fine-grained soils?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soils containing particles smaller than No. 200 sieve or 0.075 mm

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72. What is the size of the particles in fine-grained soils?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soils containing particles smaller than No. 200 sieve or 0.075 mm in size.

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73. Field density tests are used to verify the _______ of compacted fill.

Answer

Correct Answer: Density

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74. What is the field density test?

Answer

Correct Answer: Field testing that determines density of compacted fill to verify that it meets specifications.

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75. What is a fault?

Answer

Correct Answer: A shear fracture in a rock mass along which movement has taken place.

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76. What is the name for the graph of the shear stress and normal effective stresses at which shear failure occurs for a given soil?

Answer

Correct Answer: Failure envelope

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77. Factor of safety is the ratio of _____?

Answer

Correct Answer: A limiting value of a quantity to the design value of that quantity.

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78. What is the correct term for clays that are sensitive to water and expand when wet?

Answer

Correct Answer: Reactive Clays

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79. What is the exit gradient?

Answer

Correct Answer: The hydraulic gradient near an exposed surface through which seepage is moving.

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80. Equivalent fluid pressure is produced by _______.

Answer

Correct Answer: A heavy fluid of a selected unit weight

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81. For a flow net, what do equipotential lines connect?

Answer

Correct Answer: Points of equal total head

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82. What is Eolian Soil?

Answer

Correct Answer: Soil deposits that have been transported by wind.

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83. What is the primary purpose of engineered fill soils?

Answer

Correct Answer: To be placed in accordance to engineered specifications

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84. What are engineering properties?

Answer

Correct Answer: Engineering parameters of a soil such as permeability, shear strength and consolidation.

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85. What is embankment usually referred to?

Answer

Correct Answer: A 'built-up' section of soil (engineered fill) as for roads or dams.

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86. What is the term for deformation caused in a soil due to a change in loading?

Answer

Correct Answer: Elastic deformation

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87. What is the efficiency of a pile?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of the average ultimate load in the group to the individual ultimate load on the given pile.

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88. What is the difference between effective stress and total stress?

Answer

Correct Answer: Effective stress = Total stress - Pore water pressure

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89. What is the definition of effective stress?

Answer

Correct Answer: The portion of the total stress that is supported through grain-to-grain contact of the soil.

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90. Earth pressure coefficients are used in determining _____________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Earth pressure

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91. The force per unit area exerted by soil on a retaining wall is known as?

Answer

Correct Answer: Earth Pressure

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92. What is the dry unit weight?

Answer

Correct Answer: The weight of solids (soil grains) to the total unit volume of soil.

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93. What is the dry density?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of the mass of the solids (soil grains) to the total unit volume of soil.

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94. What unit is dry density typically measured in?

Answer

Correct Answer: Lbm/ft³, kg/m³

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95. What is dredging?

Answer

Correct Answer: Removing soils from a sea, river or lake bed in order to deepen the waterway for water travel.

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96. Drawdown is the magnitude of the lowering of a water table, usually near a:

Answer

Correct Answer: Well being pumped

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97. What is a drawdown?

Answer

Correct Answer: The magnitude of the lowering of a water table, usually near a well being pumped.

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98. What is drained loading?

Answer

Correct Answer: Loading which is slow enough for the water to drain from the soil as the total stresses increase.

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99. What is the direct strain?

Answer

Correct Answer: The ratio of the change in length to the original length of a soil mass.

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100. A change in the length of a soil mass is called ___________.

Answer

Correct Answer: Direct strain

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101. What is the direct shear test used to determine?

Answer

Correct Answer: The relationship of shear strength to consolidation stress

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102. What is differential settlement?

Answer

Correct Answer: The vertical displacement of one point on a foundation with respect to another point on the same foundation.

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103. What is dewatering?

Answer

Correct Answer: Removal of water from a job site

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104. What is the definition of "dewater"?

Answer

Correct Answer: Removal of water from a job site, usually by pumping from excavations.

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