1. The cno cycle in high-mass main-sequence stars burns ________ to ________in their cores.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hydrogen;helium
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2. Most of the frozen ice in a comet's ____ vaporizes after the comet's many trips around the sun.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Nucleus.
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3. During its red giant stage, the radius of the sun will be about __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Astronomical unit.
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4. During a solar eclipse, the _____ casts a small circular shadow on the ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Moon; Earth
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5. The model of the solar system changed, because _______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Understanding of the solar system changed.
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6. The biggest surprise from the new horizons flyby of pluto was learning that pluto _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Shows clear evidence of recent or ongoing geological activity
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7. The inner boundary of the sun's habitable zone today is ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Between the orbit of Venus and the orbit of Earth
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8. A galaxy that has a shape similar to a football is a(n) ____ galaxy.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Elliptical
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9. Stars that are not very hot but give off a lot of light are __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Giants
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10. According to the diagram, the approximate abundance of oxygen atoms in the galaxy is __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
1/1000 that of hydrogen
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11. The existence of a core-mantle-crust interior structure tells us that a world __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Once had a molten interior
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12. A surge in __________ directly triggers ovulation
Answer
Correct Answer:
Luteinizing hormone
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13. _________is one of the top three factors associated with fatal crashes.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Fatal crashes
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14. Collisions between galaxies typically unfold over a period of ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hundreds of millions of years
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15. Because of the conservation of angular momentum, as a star collapses ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
It must rotate faster
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16. Based on this diagram, "red sequence" galaxies are __________ than "blue cloud" galaxies.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Redder and more luminous
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17. As telescopes become larger and larger, astronomers favor ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
R5eflecting telescopes, in part because large lenses and mirrors sag under their own weight, and it is easier to support a mirror along its entire back
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18. Micas like muscovite and biotite break along flat planes because _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Micas have sheet silicate structure
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19. As we go outward from io to ganymede, the density of the moons _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Decreases.
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20. We never see a crescent jupiter from earth because jupiter __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is farther than Earth from the Sun. is farther than Earth from the Sun.
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21. An individual center of gravity can usually be found __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Just above the belly button.
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22. The two jovian planets that contain the highest proportions of hydrogen compounds are ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Uranus and Neptune
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23. This famous photograph taken by the voyager spacecraft shows _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earth as viewed from the outskirts of the solar system.
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24. In essence, the nebular theory holds that _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust
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25. Our sun is considered to be a(n) ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Low-mass star
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26. Nicolaus copernicus was the first astronomer to propose ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sun-centered universe
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27. The least common shape for a galaxy is ______.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Elliptical
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28. Scientists think the earth is approximately _____ years old.
Answer
Correct Answer:
4 ½ billion
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29. Scientists believe that earth and the other planets formed _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
During the same time span and from the same material as the sun
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30. Relative to the celestial background, the moon moves ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
West to east
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31. In brightness, jupiter is second only to the planet _____ most of the time.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Venus
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32. As a group, the giant planets all rotate ________ terrestrial planets.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Faster than
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33. The angular size of the moon in our sky is __________ the angular size of the sun in our sky.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Almost exactly the same as
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34. The tail of a comet can consist of ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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35. The sun's atmosphere consists of the _____ and the _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Both a and b
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36. The summer solstice is the point on the sun's path ______________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Whaich is farthest north in the Northern Hemisphere
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37. The amount of time from one new moon to the next is referred to as a _______ .
Answer
Correct Answer:
A month
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38. By using kepler's 3rd law we find that ___________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
A year on Earth is shorter than a year on Mars
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39. The following diagram shows the path of a planet around the sun. kepler discovered that _____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Area B = area C
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40. Any particular location on earth experiences __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two high tides and two low tides each day
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41. A(n) ___________ spectrum has bright lines on dark background.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Emission
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42. A black hole process is a process that has ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
No output
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43. ____ are small luminous nebulae excited by nearby young stars.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Herbig-Haro objects
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44. Surrounding a comet's nucleus is the broad, glowing area called the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Coma.
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45. In the ptolemaic (greek) model of the universe, the stars are attached to the ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Celestial sphere
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46. Galileo challenged the idea that objects in the heavens were perfect by ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Observing sunspots on the Sun and mountains on the Moon
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47. In materials like glass or water the speed of light is _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reduced
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48. We can study how galaxies evolve because ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The farther away we look, the further back in time we see.
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49. The larger of the jovian moons ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Are larger than Mercury but smaller than Mars
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50. Saturn's rings are composed of __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Lots of individual particles of ice and rock
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51. Prominences and flares on the sun can best be described as ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Electrically charged particles
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52. Of all the terrestrial planets, ______ has the longest solar day.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Mercury
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53. Of all the jovian planets ______ shows signs of tectonic plate motion.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Jupiter
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54. Water is found as a solid, liquid, and gas on ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earth
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55. The o and b stars in our galaxy are located _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
In the disk but not the halo.
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56. The number of waves that pass a point each second measures ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frequency
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57. The number of wave cycles that pass in one second is called the _______ of the wave.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frequency
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58. Thermal radiation is defined as ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the temperature of the emitting object
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59. The ability of a telescope to show two very close objects separately is called its ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Resolving power
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60. Star formation occurs primarily in the galaxy's ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Disk
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61. Planets revolve around the sun along _____ paths because of gravity.
Answer
Correct Answer:
ELLIPTICAL
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62. Planetary orbits that are more elliptical have a greater _________
Answer
Correct Answer:
Eccentricity
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63. People once believed that all planets and stars orbited around ____.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Earth
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64. We can estimate the age of an open cluster of stars by examining _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The turnoff point of the clusters main sequence.
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65. The energy that is released in the hydrogen fusion reaction comes from __________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
The difference in mass between the four hydrogen nuclei and the single resulting helium nucleus
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66. Based on observations of the universal expansion, the age of the universe is about ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
14 billion years
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67. According to kepler's 2nd law each 30 day period a planet will _________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sweep out equal areas
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68. A(n) ____ is a small circle whose center is located on the circumference of another larger circle.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Epicycle
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69. A spinning neutron star has been observed at the center of a ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Supernova remnant.
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70. When we say that a substance is radioactive, we mean that it ________.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Is composed of matter with unstable nuclei
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71. ____ are patterns of stars in the sky.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Constellations
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72. We measure the temperature of the stars using the ________ temperature scale.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Kelvin
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73. Blue main sequence stars have ___________ than red main sequence stars.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Less mass and a longer lifetime
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74. A(n) ____ is a circle whose center is located on the circumference of another circle.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Equant
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