_____ is defined as state laws that authorize the police to require a citizen subjected to a stop and frisk to present identification.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stop-and-identify statutes
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_____ is the police may stop an individual in those instances in which they have a reasonable basis to believe that crime may be afoot. The police may conduct a frisk for weapons where the individual fails to dispel the officer’s fear that the individual is armed and presently dangerous.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stop and frisk
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Is reasonable suspicion a police officer may undertake an investigative stop of a suspect where he or she has an objective, factual basis to suspect that “crime is afoot”: the suspect has engaged in, is about to engage in, or is engaging in criminal activity. This determination is based on the totality of the circumstances, and no single fact may be determinative. Factors to consider include the suspect’s actions, nervousness, and evasiveness; frequency and type of criminal activity in the area; time of day; and the officer’s prior knowledge of the suspect?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Is racial profiling stopping or arresting individuals because of their race, ethnicity, religion, or other characteristic rather than because of their actions?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as a police officer who pats down a suspect’s outer clothing and feels an object whose contour or mass makes its identity immediately apparent may lawfully seize the item under the plain-feel doctrine.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Plain-feel doctrine
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_____ is defined as an individual who provides information about criminal activity to law enforcement.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Informant
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_____ is a police officer may pat down a suspect’s outer clothing.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Frisk
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Is drug courier profile a profile developed based on experience that isolates characteristics of a drug trafficker?
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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_____ is known as the facts of each situation are evaluated to determine whether a police officer’s conduct meets the applicable legal standard. An example is the standard for a reasonable suspicion stop in accordance with Terry v. Ohio.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Case-by-case determination
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_____ is defined as a police officer in justifying an intrusion must present specific and articulable facts that together with rational inferences drawn from those facts reasonably suggest that an individual has committed a crime or is about to commit a crime.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Articulable suspicion
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_____ is information from an unidentified informant.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Anonymous tip
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Which of the following may be seized during a frisk?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Cell phone
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What level of proof is required for police to order the driver of a vehicle to step out?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reasonable suspicion
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Frisks are conducted for what purpose?
Answer
Correct Answer:
For the safety of the officer
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What level of proof is required for a stop and frisk?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Reasonable suspicion
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Which case established the rules for a stop and frisk?
Answer
Correct Answer:
Terry v. Ohio
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Only a few state supreme courts have held that officers need reasonable suspicion to order a driver out of a stopped vehicle.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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A judge may deem a stop too intrusive if police neglected a potentially less intrusive investigative method.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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The 20-min period should not be thought of as a “bright-line” limit on Terry stops.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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In both arrests and Terry stops, the suspect can be detained as long as is deemed necessary by the officers.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Determining reasonable suspicion based on a profile has been deemed unconstitutional.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Police may not rely on anonymous tips due to their inherent untrustworthiness.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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Information obtained from an informant or eyewitness is known as “secondhand information.”
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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An officer’s experience and expertise can play a crucial role in determining the constitutionality of a stop and frisk.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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Whether or not a stop is constitutional must be established on an individual, case-by-case basis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
True
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To conduct a stop and frisk, officers must have “probable suspicion” that such a cautious step is necessary.
Answer
Correct Answer:
False
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