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Climatology MCQ

1. During the winter, the bermuda high migrates to the and becomes the .

West; Pacific high

West; Aleutian low

West; Azores high

East; Azores high

Answer

Correct Answer: East; Azores high

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2. Energy from the ________________________ drives the earths climate and weather processes.

Earth

Sun

Moon

Space

Answer

Correct Answer: Sun

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3. To the greeks, their land fell within the ________ zone in their early classification of climate.

Frigid

Temperate

Torrid

Homeland

Hinterland

Answer

Correct Answer: Temperate

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4. The global westerly wind zone most heavily impacts the ________ latitudes.

Equatorial

High

Middle

Subtropical

Horse.

Answer

Correct Answer: Middle

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5. On a cold, windy day, the air feels because the wind .

Colder; increases evaporative heat loss from our skin

A steep pressure gradient creating a faster flow of air

Cyclonic.

Geostrophic winds at altitude above the ground.

Answer

Correct Answer: Colder; increases evaporative heat loss from our skin

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6. Land has a specific heat than water and therefore heats more .

Greater land is opaque

Cooler warmer the thermal equator

Lower quickly

Answer

Correct Answer: Lower quickly

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7. If accumulation exceeds ablation, then __________.

The glacial ice will flow downhill and the glacial front will move downhill

The glacial ice will flow downhill, but the glacial front will move uphill

The glacial ice will flow uphill, but the glacial front will move downhill

The glacial ice will flow uphill and the glacial front will move uphill

Answer

Correct Answer: The glacial ice will flow downhill and the glacial front will move downhill

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8. Horizontal divergence occurs to the ______ of an upper-air trough.

Northward

East

West

Southward

Answer

Correct Answer: East

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9. During the day along the coast, the wind tends to blow toward the because .

Land; land heats more rapidly than water

Convergence and uplift of warm surface air.

Jet streams

All of this

Answer

Correct Answer: Land; land heats more rapidly than water

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10. During atmospheric convection, rising air bubbles are called ____.

Kinetic energy

Thermal

Potential energy

Sensible heat

Answer

Correct Answer: Thermal

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11. Deserts are arid; steppes are ________.

Temperature

Adiabatic

Subtropical

Semiarid

Humid

Answer

Correct Answer: Semiarid

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12. Compared to places at lower elevations, highland climates are usually cooler and ________.

Wetter

Similar patterns of change

Changes in atmospheric ozone

None of this

Answer

Correct Answer: Wetter

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13. Climates where evaporation exceeds precipitation are called ________ climates.

Dry

Wetter

Humid tropical

Polar

Answer

Correct Answer: Dry

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14. Climates near the equator are warmer than at the poles because _____.

The Sun's rays have greater energy at the equator

The Sun's rays are more concentrated at the equator

Ice at the poles absorbs the Sun's rays

The equator is near a low-pressure belt

Answer

Correct Answer: The Sun's rays are more concentrated at the equator

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15. Af and am climates form a discontinuous belt astride the ________.

Wetter

Precipitation

Water vapor

Wet tropics

Equator

Answer

Correct Answer: Equator

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16. An air mass originating in the gulf of mexico should be labeled ________.

Answer

Correct Answer: MT

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17. After the center of a mature wave cyclone passes, you should expect ________.

Just south of the center of circulation

Release of latent heat by condensation

An occluded front forms

Barometric pressure to rise

Answer

Correct Answer: Barometric pressure to rise

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18. A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.

Graupel

Glaze

Snow

Sleet

Answer

Correct Answer: Sleet

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19. ________ clouds form sheets or layers that cover much of the sky.

Stratus

Cumulus

Stratocumulus

Nimbostratus

Answer

Correct Answer: Stratus

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20. Radar gathers information about precipitation in clouds by measuring the ____.

Energy emitted by the precipitation particles

Inversions act as a lid on vertical air motion

Latent heat is released by a rising parcel of saturated air

Amount of energy reflected back to a transmitter

Answer

Correct Answer: Energy emitted by the precipitation particles

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21. In the vertical, the pressure gradient force points and gravity points .

Away from Earth; toward Earth.

Clockwise and inward toward

Converges; diverges

Hydrostatic equilibrium

Answer

Correct Answer: Away from Earth; toward Earth.

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22. In the northern hemisphere, winds associated with a high pressure system blow ________.

Counterclockwise and toward the center.

Wind cyclone

Only wind direction

Poles

Answer

Correct Answer: Counterclockwise and toward the center.

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23. Seasonal variations in co2 recorded at mauna loa observatory are related to ________.

Climate feedback mechanisms

The burning of FOSSILS FUELS

Keeling Curve.

Answer

Correct Answer: Keeling Curve.

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24. The western u.s. climate is different from the western european climate because ________.

Western U.S. has mountains near the coast and Europe does not.

Antarctica and Greenland

Complicate climate models

The taiga climate

Answer

Correct Answer: Western U.S. has mountains near the coast and Europe does not.

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25. The sahara and australian deserts (among others) are associated with the ________.

Anticyclone

Subpolar low

Subtropical high

None of these

Answer

Correct Answer: Subtropical high

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26. The polar front jet stream blows ____.

Directly from west to east

Directly from east to west

From the equator towards the poles

In a wavy pattern from west to east

Answer

Correct Answer: In a wavy pattern from west to east

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27. The polar front and subtropical jet streams are both high-altitude flows which circulate ________.

From west to east.

Slower than

The earth rotates

Wind speed

Answer

Correct Answer: From west to east.

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28. The major difference between a wet tropical region and a tropical wet and dry region is ________.

Wet tropics

Humid tropical

Precipitation

Windward

Humid subtropical

Answer

Correct Answer: Precipitation

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29. Prevailing surface winds are named for the ________.

The direction from which they blow,

Meandering streams

Braided streams

What causes seasons on earth

Answer

Correct Answer: The direction from which they blow,

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30. On the eastern side of the rocky mountains, chinook winds are enhanced when ____.

Clouds form and precipitation falls on the windward side of the mountains

Land breeze

Dry weather and winds blowing from land to sea

Wet weather and winds blowing from sea to land

Answer

Correct Answer: Clouds form and precipitation falls on the windward side of the mountains

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31. Fast-moving currents of air that occur above the friction layer are called _____.

Divergent

Jet streams

Magnetic field

Anticyclone

Answer

Correct Answer: Jet streams

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32. During the warm phase of enso, a belt of much warmer than normal water appears along the_____.

Equator in the eastern Pacific.

Atmospheric motion

Extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Kelvin scale.

Answer

Correct Answer: Equator in the eastern Pacific.

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33. Coastal alaska and norway are in the ________ group of climates.

Increased by nearly 1°C

Equator

Humid middle-latitude, mild winters

Dry

Answer

Correct Answer: Humid middle-latitude, mild winters

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34. Circulation in the troposphere is mainly a(n) ________ system.

Closed

Winter

West-east

Doldrums

Answer

Correct Answer: Closed

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35. An example of a geostrophic wind is ________.

Jet stream

Doldrums

1880s

Wind

Answer

Correct Answer: Jet stream

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36. What is Bermuda High?

A subtropical anticyclone that occurs over the North Atlantic Ocean

A subtropical anticyclone that occurs over the South Atlantic Ocean

A cyclone that occurs over the North Atlantic Ocean

A subtropical cyclone that occurs over the North Atlantic Ocean

Answer

Correct Answer: A subtropical anticyclone that occurs over the North Atlantic Ocean

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37. What does a barometer measure?

Wind speed

Oxygen levels

Atmospheric pressure

Humidity

Answer

Correct Answer: Atmospheric pressure

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38. What is another name for the aurora australis?

Northern Lights

Southern Lights

Midnight Sun

Polar Night

Answer

Correct Answer: Southern Lights

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39. What is the aurora caused by?

Lunar cycle

Electrons interacting with each other in the upper atmosphere.

Ocean currents

The sun

Answer

Correct Answer: Electrons interacting with each other in the upper atmosphere.

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40. Can the atmosphere be divided into layers?

Only two layers- the troposphere and the stratosphere

Yes

Only three layers- the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the thermosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Yes

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41. When does aphelion occur?

February 14

January 2

July 5

March 21

Answer

Correct Answer: July 5

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42. What is a heat wave?

A prolonged period of excessive heat, often combined with excessive humidity.

A sudden unexpected rise in temperature

A prolonged period of excessive precipitation.

A prolonged period of excessive cold, often combined with excessive humidity.

Answer

Correct Answer: A prolonged period of excessive heat, often combined with excessive humidity.

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43. What is an urban area characterized by temperatures higher than those of the surrounding non-urban area called?

Heat Island

Cold Spot

Warm House

Tropical Oasis

Answer

Correct Answer: Heat Island

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44. What are the consequences of an increase in surface temperature in an urban area?

Decreased air quality in urban areas.

Increased rainfall in urban areas.

Higher temperatures in urban areas.

Higher humidity in urban areas.

Answer

Correct Answer: Higher temperatures in urban areas.

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45. Halocarbons are responsible for which of the following?

The depletion of the ozone layer

Halocarbon compounds do not contribute to climate change

The production of CFCs

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

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46. What are halocarbons?

Chlorofluorocarbons

Halogens

Compounds containing either chlorine, bromine or fluorine and carbon

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Compounds containing either chlorine, bromine or fluorine and carbon

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47. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about habitat fragmentation?

It breaks up larger areas of habitat.

It results in smaller areas of habitat.

It isolates patches of habitat from each other.

It changes the habitat into a matrix of habitats.

Answer

Correct Answer: It results in smaller areas of habitat.

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48. Greenhouse Effect is caused by:

Increased solar activity

Deforestation

Absorbance of heat by water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, and other gases in the atmosphere

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Correct Answer: Absorbance of heat by water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone, and other gases in the atmosphere

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49. What is the Greenhouse Effect?

The increased emission of greenhouse gases

Trapping and build-up of heat in the atmosphere (troposphere) near the Earths surface.

The increased burning of fossil fuels

The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers

Answer

Correct Answer: Trapping and build-up of heat in the atmosphere (troposphere) near the Earths surface.

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50. What does GWP measure?

The total energy that a gas absorbs over a particular period of time, compared to carbon dioxide.

The total energy emitted by the Earth.

The amount of carbon dioxide emitted.

The total energy emitted by the Sun.

Answer

Correct Answer: The total energy that a gas absorbs over a particular period of time, compared to carbon dioxide.

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51. Global Warming is caused by increased levels of:

Solar Flares

Greenhouse gases

Deforestation

Ozone depletion

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gases

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52. What is Global Average Temperature?

The average height of all humans on Earth

The average weight of all humans on Earth

The average age of all humans on Earth

Earths mean surface air temperature averaged over the entire planet.

Answer

Correct Answer: Earths mean surface air temperature averaged over the entire planet.

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53. How much area must a mass of ice have to be considered a glacier?

10 km2

0.1 km2

1 km2

100 km2

Answer

Correct Answer: 0.1 km2

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54. What is the second largest reservoir of water on Earth?

Rivers

Soil

Glaciers

Lakes

Answer

Correct Answer: Glaciers

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55. What does the geosphere include?

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Soils, sediments, and rock layers of the Earth's crust

Biosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Soils, sediments, and rock layers of the Earth's crust

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56. What does General Circulation Model (GCM) simulate?

Human-induced climate change

Predicting future climate

Climate of the past

Natural climate change

Answer

Correct Answer: Human-induced climate change

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57. What is Fuel Switching?

Renewable energy sources

Nuclear energy

Burning fossil fuels

Substituting one type of fuel for another.

Answer

Correct Answer: Substituting one type of fuel for another.

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58. How long ago were fossil fuels formed?

Tens of Millions of Years

Thousands of Years

Millions of Years

Hundreds of Millions of Years

Answer

Correct Answer: Hundreds of Millions of Years

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59. Fossil fuels are formed from what?

Decayed plants and animals

Molten lava

Chemical reactions

Rocks and minerals

Answer

Correct Answer: Decayed plants and animals

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60. What is a forcing mechanism?

A volcanoe

A process that increases the amount of outgoing infrared radiation

A process that alters the energy balance of the climate system

A process that decreases the amount of incoming solar radiation

Answer

Correct Answer: A process that alters the energy balance of the climate system

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61. Which of the following is not a Forcing Mechanism?

Solar Irradiance

Enhancement of the natural greenhouse effect

Volcanic Eruptions

Greenhouse gases

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gases

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62. What do fluorocarbons contain?

Carbon

Bromine

Fluorine

Carbon and Fluorine

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon and Fluorine

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63. Fluorinated gases are used in which of the following?

Coolants, foaming agents, fire extinguishers, solvents, pesticides, and consumol propellants.

Ozone-depleting substances

Greenhouse gases

Art forms

Answer

Correct Answer: Coolants, foaming agents, fire extinguishers, solvents, pesticides, and consumol propellants.

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64. What is an example of positive feedback?

The ozone layer

The greenhouse effect

The burning of fossil fuels

The ice-albedo feedback

Answer

Correct Answer: The ice-albedo feedback

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65. What is the name for factors which increase or amplify the rate of a process?

Backward feedback

Negative feedback

Positive feedback

Forward feedback

Answer

Correct Answer: Positive feedback

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66. What is the combined process of evaporation from the Earth's surface and transpiration from vegetation called?

Condensation

Evapotranspiration

Evaporation

Transpiration

Answer

Correct Answer: Evapotranspiration

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67. What is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor called?

Freezing

Melting

Boiling

Evaporation

Answer

Correct Answer: Evaporation

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68. What is enteric fermentation?

The fermentation of alcohol in the intestine

The process of breaking down fats in the intestine

The process by which animals produce methane as part of their digestion.

The process of digested food entering the bloodstream

Answer

Correct Answer: The process by which animals produce methane as part of their digestion.

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69. What are greenhouse gases?

Gases that are found in car emissions

Gases that cause the earth to cool

Gases that cause the earth to warm

Gases that have no effect on the earth's temperature

Answer

Correct Answer: Gases that cause the earth to warm

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70. How does the ENERGY STAR program help businesses and individuals?

It helps them make money and protect our environment through inefficient energy use

It helps them make money and protect our climate through superior energy efficiency

It helps them save money and protect our climate through superior energy efficiency

It helps them save money and protect our environment through inefficient energy use

Answer

Correct Answer: It helps them save money and protect our climate through superior energy efficiency

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71. What is "energy efficiency"?

Using more energy to provide the same service.

Using the same amount of energy to provide a different service.

Not using any energy to provide the same service.

Using less energy to provide the same service.

Answer

Correct Answer: Using less energy to provide the same service.

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72. What does an emissions factor allow you to do?

Predict future emissions

Scale emissions to activity data

Determine the amount of fossil fuel consumed

Calculate the amount of emissions produced

Answer

Correct Answer: Scale emissions to activity data

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73. Emissions refers to the release of what type of substance into the atmosphere?

Predictions

Postcards

Gases

Parcels

Answer

Correct Answer: Gases

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74. What is the release of a substance into the atmosphere called?

Omissions

Immissions

Emissions

Commissions

Answer

Correct Answer: Emissions

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75. El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is associated with a fluctuation of the intertropical surface pressure pattern and circulation in which two oceans?

Atlantic and Pacific oceans

Pacific and Atlantic oceans

Indian and Atlantic oceans

Indian and Pacific Oceans

Answer

Correct Answer: Indian and Pacific Oceans

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76. What does eccentricity refer to?

The size of the Sun.

The extent to which the Earth's orbit around the Sun departs from a perfect circle.

The distance from the Earth to the Sun.

The size of the Earth.

Answer

Correct Answer: The extent to which the Earth's orbit around the Sun departs from a perfect circle.

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77. What is dryland farming?

A type of farming that uses irrigation

A technique that uses soil moisture conservation and seed selection to optimize production under dry conditions.

Farming that only takes place in dry environments

A type of agriculture that uses less water than conventional farming

Answer

Correct Answer: A technique that uses soil moisture conservation and seed selection to optimize production under dry conditions.

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78. What is desertification?

A large, empty area of land with very little vegetation

Land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities.

A process where trees and plants are removed from an area

A type of cactus that can only be found in the desert

Answer

Correct Answer: Land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities.

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79. Why does deforestation contribute to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations?

Deforestation decreases carbon dioxide concentrations

Deforestation increases the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere

Deforestation has no impact on carbon dioxide concentrations

Burning or decomposition of the wood releases carbon dioxide

Answer

Correct Answer: Burning or decomposition of the wood releases carbon dioxide

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80. What is the cryosphere?

The study of the Earth's atmosphere

The study of the Earth's oceans

Frozen water in the form of snow, permanently frozen ground (permafrost), floating ice, and glaciers.

A measure of the Earth's average surface temperature

Answer

Correct Answer: Frozen water in the form of snow, permanently frozen ground (permafrost), floating ice, and glaciers.

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81. How many nations are there in the Conference of the Parties?

200

More than 180

170

190

Answer

Correct Answer: More than 180

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82. What is concentration?

The ability to think deeply or to focus one's thoughts on a subject

The act of focusing on one specific thing

Amount of a chemical in a particular volume or weight of air, water, soil, or other medium.

A process of removing impurities or unwanted components from a substance

Answer

Correct Answer: Amount of a chemical in a particular volume or weight of air, water, soil, or other medium.

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83. What is the meaning of Co-Benefit?

A policy implemented for various reasons at the same time including climate change mitigation.

A policy that has other, often at least equally important, rationales.

The benefits of policies that are implemented for various reasons at the same time including climate change mitigation.

A policy designed to address greenhouse gas mitigation.

Answer

Correct Answer: The benefits of policies that are implemented for various reasons at the same time including climate change mitigation.

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84. What is coalbed methane?

Methane contained in coal seams

The process of extracting methane from the atmosphere

The process of burning coal to produce methane

A device used to extract methane from coal seams

Answer

Correct Answer: Methane contained in coal seams

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85. What is coal mine methane?

The subset of coalbed methane that is released from the coal seams during the process of coal mining

The process of mining coal

Methane that is found in coal mines

A gas that is burned to create electricity

Answer

Correct Answer: The subset of coalbed methane that is released from the coal seams during the process of coal mining

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86. What are the five physical components of the Climate System?

Solar system, galaxy, universe, planets, and stars

Weather, climate, temperature, seasons, and natural disasters

Sun, moon, earth, mars, and jupiter

Atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere

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87. What does equilibrium climate sensitivity refer to?

The increased greenhouse effect.

The rate of climate change.

The amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere.

The equilibrium change in global mean surface temperature following a doubling of the atmospheric (equivalent) CO2 concentration.

Answer

Correct Answer: The equilibrium change in global mean surface temperature following a doubling of the atmospheric (equivalent) CO2 concentration.

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88. What is a climate model?

A measure of how hot or cold it is

A quantitative way of representing the interactions of the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, and ice.

A way of predicting future climate

The study of climates

Answer

Correct Answer: A quantitative way of representing the interactions of the atmosphere, oceans, land surface, and ice.

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89. The release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere causes _______.

Poles shifting

The greenhouse effect

Climate change

Climate Lag

Answer

Correct Answer: Climate Lag

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90. What is climate feedback?

A process that acts to amplify or reduce direct warming or cooling effects.

The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

The process of the water cycle

The process of photosynthesis

Answer

Correct Answer: A process that acts to amplify or reduce direct warming or cooling effects.

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91. Climate change refers to any significant change in what?

The Earth's tilt

The measures of climate

The Earth's orbit

Natural cycles

Answer

Correct Answer: The measures of climate

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92. Climate change refers to any significant change in the _____.

Size of the sun

Amount of greenhouse gases

Number of forest fires

Measures of climate

Answer

Correct Answer: Measures of climate

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93. How long is the classical period for climate?

2 decades

5 years

3 decades

1 century

Answer

Correct Answer: 3 decades

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94. Which of the following is not a Chlorofluorocarbon?

CFCs

Interim replacement for CFCs

Hydrofluorocarbons

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons

Answer

Correct Answer: Hydrofluorocarbons

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95. What are chlorofluorocarbons used for?

Refrigeration, air conditioning, packaging, insulation, solvents, or consumol propellants

Fertilizers

To produce energy

Cattle feed

Answer

Correct Answer: Refrigeration, air conditioning, packaging, insulation, solvents, or consumol propellants

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96. What is CCS?

Carbon Capture and Sequestration

Carbon Cycle and Sequestration

Carbon Capture and Storage

Clean Coal Sequestration

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon Capture and Sequestration

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97. What is terrestrial carbon sequestration?

The process of trees and plants releasing carbon dioxide and oxygen

The process of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS)

The process by which trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide, release the oxygen, and store the carbon.

Injecting carbon dioxide deep underground where it stays permanently

Answer

Correct Answer: The process by which trees and plants absorb carbon dioxide, release the oxygen, and store the carbon.

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98. What does a person's carbon footprint include?

Greenhouse gas emissions from fuel that an individual burns indirectly

Greenhouse gas emissions from all sources

Greenhouse gas emissions from fuel that an individual burns directly

Greenhouse gas emissions from recycling

Answer

Correct Answer: Greenhouse gas emissions from fuel that an individual burns directly

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99. Which of the following is NOT a result of increased atmospheric CO2 concentration?

Carbon Dioxide Fertilization

Increased photosynthesis

Depending on their mechanism of photosynthesis, certain types of plants are more sensitive to changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration.

The enhancement of the growth of plants

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon Dioxide Fertilization

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100. What does Carbon Dioxide Equivalent measure?

The amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

The emissions from various greenhouse gases

The weight of carbon dioxide

The temperature of the Earth

Answer

Correct Answer: The emissions from various greenhouse gases

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101. Which of the following is not a unit of measure for carbon dioxide emission?

Long tons

Short tons

MMTCO2Eq

Metric tons

Answer

Correct Answer: MMTCO2Eq

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102. What is the Global Warming Potential of Carbon Dioxide?

Answer

Correct Answer: 1

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103. What is the principal human caused greenhouse gas that affects the Earth's radiative balance?

Chlorofluorocarbons

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Nitrous oxide

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon Dioxide

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104. Carbon exchanges between reservoirs occur because of:

Various chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes.

Plate tectonics

Burning of fossil fuels

Solar radiation

Answer

Correct Answer: Various chemical, physical, geological, and biological processes.

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105. Climate researchers take borehole samples to predict what?

Plate tectonics.

Atmospheric composition in earlier years.

Ocean levels in earlier years.

The size of the Earth.

Answer

Correct Answer: Atmospheric composition in earlier years.

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106. What is black carbon?

The most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter

A liquid

A solid

A gas

Answer

Correct Answer: The most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter

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107. Which of the following is not a component of the biosphere?

Ecosystems

Living Organisms

Detritus

Mariana Trench

Answer

Correct Answer: Mariana Trench

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108. What is an example of biomass?

Metals

Minerals

Non-renewable energy sources

Trees

Answer

Correct Answer: Trees

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109. Which of the following is NOT an example of biomass?

Methane

Soil

Animal waste

Wood

Answer

Correct Answer: Animal waste

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110. What does the term "biogeochemical" refer to?

The study and classification of the Earth's minerals

The study of the interaction between the physical and biological aspects of the Earth

The movement of key chemicals through the Earth system

The study of the origin and history of the Earth's physical and biological processes

Answer

Correct Answer: The movement of key chemicals through the Earth system

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111. What are the key chemical constituents essential to life that are moved through the Earth system in the biogeochemical cycle?

Copper, silver, gold, and platinum

Nitrogen, chlorine, bromine, and iodine

Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

Hydrogen, chlorine, sulfur, and calcium

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus

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112. What is the definition of a biofuel?

A fuel made from plant or animal remains

Gas or liquid fuel made from plant material

A type of aircraft fuel

A fuel made from fossilized plants

Answer

Correct Answer: Gas or liquid fuel made from plant material

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113. Greenhouse gas lifetimes can range from a few minutes to:

A few hundred years

A few decades

A few thousand years

A few centuries

Answer

Correct Answer: A few thousand years

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114. Which of the following is not a greenhouse gas?

Nitrous oxide

Chlorofluorocarbons

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Answer

Correct Answer: Carbon Dioxide

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115. Which is NOT a gas found in the atmosphere?

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Argon

Clouds

Answer

Correct Answer: Clouds

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116. What percentage of the atmosphere is nitrogen?

20.9%

0.035%

71.4%

78.1%

Answer

Correct Answer: 78.1%

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117. Which of the following is an Annex I country?

Economies in transition

Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development

Non-Annex I countries

Developed countries

Answer

Correct Answer: Economies in transition

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118. Annex I countries are ____.

Countries in transition

Non-developed countries in the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development

Developed countries in the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development

All countries not included in Annex I

Answer

Correct Answer: Developed countries in the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development

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119. What is Alternative Energy?

Energy derived from nontraditional sources

Energy derived from traditional sources

More expensive energy

Less available energy

Answer

Correct Answer: Energy derived from nontraditional sources

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120. What does albedo describe?

The amount of solar radiation absorbed by an object or surface

The temperature of an object or surface

The color of an object or surface

The amount of solar radiation reflected from an object or surface

Answer

Correct Answer: The amount of solar radiation reflected from an object or surface

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121. What is afforestation?

The act of felling all trees in an area.

A process by which an area of forest is replanted after being logged.

The clear-cutting of an area of forest.

The planting of new forests on lands that have not contained forests in the past.

Answer

Correct Answer: The planting of new forests on lands that have not contained forests in the past.

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122. What are aerosols?

A type of drug

A type of beverage

A type of food

Small particles or liquid droplets in the atmosphere that can absorb or reflect sunlight depending on their composition.

Answer

Correct Answer: Small particles or liquid droplets in the atmosphere that can absorb or reflect sunlight depending on their composition.

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123. What does Adaptive Capacity refer to?

The ability of a system to produce greenhouse gases

The ability of a system to reduce greenhouse gases

The ability of a system to adjust to climate change

The ability of a system to capture greenhouse gases

Answer

Correct Answer: The ability of a system to adjust to climate change

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124. What is adaptation?

A change in behavior

The process of becoming extinct

The process of becoming dissimilar

Modifies or preparing of natural or human systems to a new or changing environment

Answer

Correct Answer: Modifies or preparing of natural or human systems to a new or changing environment

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125. What are the four areas of wind that are measured?

Direction, speed, character, and shifts.

Warm, cold, dry, and wet.

North, south, east, and west.

Jet stream, monsoon, whirlpool, and tornado.

Answer

Correct Answer: Direction, speed, character, and shifts.

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126. What is the troposphere?

The study of the atmosphere

The lowest layer of the atmosphere and where weather occurs.

The outermost layer of the atmosphere

The study of weather

Answer

Correct Answer: The lowest layer of the atmosphere and where weather occurs.

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127. What is transpiration?

The process by which water in plants is transferred as water vapor to the atmosphere.

The process of cell respiration

The process of photosynthesis

The process of cellular respiration

Answer

Correct Answer: The process by which water in plants is transferred as water vapor to the atmosphere.

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128. What is the definition of topography?

The study of the stars.

The study of rocks and minerals.

The shape and features of Earth's surface.

The study of the oceans

Answer

Correct Answer: The shape and features of Earth's surface.

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129. What does the term "thermohaline" refer to?

The study of heat and salt

The movement of ocean water

The deep water current that is driven by cold, dense, salty water and warm surface waters

The production of thermometers

Answer

Correct Answer: The deep water current that is driven by cold, dense, salty water and warm surface waters

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130. What is temperature a physical property of?

Electric potential

Current

Resistance

Matter

Answer

Correct Answer: Matter

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131. What is the process of phase transition from solid directly to vapor in the absence of melting called?

Condensation

Freezing

Sublimation

Melting

Answer

Correct Answer: Sublimation

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132. What is the layer above the troposphere?

Exosphere

Stratosphere

Mesosphere

Ionosphere

Answer

Correct Answer: Stratosphere

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133. What do stratocumulus clouds indicate?

That the weather will be rainy.

That a storm is coming.

That the weather will be sunny.

That the weather will be cloudy.

Answer

Correct Answer: That a storm is coming.

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134. What is a storyline?

A detailed description of the plot or sequence of events.

A short summary of the plot.

The ending of the story.

The main idea of the story.

Answer

Correct Answer: A detailed description of the plot or sequence of events.

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135. What is solar radiation also called?

Moonbeams

Sunlight

Sunshine

Starlight

Answer

Correct Answer: Sunshine

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136. What is solar radiation?

Melting part of the Earth's mantle

The process of making salt from seawater

The electromagnetic radiation coming to Earth from the Sun.

A type of star

Answer

Correct Answer: The electromagnetic radiation coming to Earth from the Sun.

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137. What is sensible heat?

The energy that is released when one gram of a substance is cooled by one degree Celsius

The energy that is needed to change the state of one gram of a substance

The energy that is needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius

The excess radiative energy that has passed from Earth's surface to the atmosphere through advection, conduction, and convection processes.

Answer

Correct Answer: The excess radiative energy that has passed from Earth's surface to the atmosphere through advection, conduction, and convection processes.

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138. What are semi-permanent pressure systems?

A system where the pressure is always high.

A transitory pressure system like migratory lows that develop from temperature and density differences.

A relatively stable, stationary, pressure-and-wind system where the pressure is predominately high or low with the changing season.

A system where the pressure is always low.

Answer

Correct Answer: A relatively stable, stationary, pressure-and-wind system where the pressure is predominately high or low with the changing season.

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139. What is the average height of the ocean's surface?

Low tide

Sea level

High tide

Land

Answer

Correct Answer: Sea level

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140. What is the freezing point of seawater?

Depends on the salt content

Above 0°C

At 0°C

Below 0°C

Answer

Correct Answer: Below 0°C

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141. What is a scenario?

A real or vividly imagined event or series of events.

A set of circumstances that could lead to a particular event or result.

A plan or course of action.

A projected sequence of events, especially a detailed plan or possibility.

Answer

Correct Answer: A projected sequence of events, especially a detailed plan or possibility.

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Environmental Engineering MCQs | Topic-wise

MCQ on Air and Noise Pollution	MCQ on Basic Environmental Engineering
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MCQ on Earth and Environment	MCQ on Environmental Geology
MCQ on General	MCQ on Microbiology
MCQ on Research Methodology	General Environmental Engineering MCQs

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Climatology MCQ

1. During the winter, the bermuda high migrates to the ________ and becomes the ________.

2. Energy from the ________________________ drives the earths climate and weather processes.

3. To the greeks, their land fell within the ________ zone in their early classification of climate.

4. The global westerly wind zone most heavily impacts the ________ latitudes.

5. On a cold, windy day, the air feels ________ because the wind ________.

6. Land has a ________ specific heat than water and therefore heats more ________.

7. If accumulation exceeds ablation, then __________.

8. Horizontal divergence occurs to the ______ of an upper-air trough.

9. During the day along the coast, the wind tends to blow toward the ________ because ________.

10. During atmospheric convection, rising air bubbles are called ____.

11. Deserts are arid; steppes are ________.

12. Compared to places at lower elevations, highland climates are usually cooler and ________.

13. Climates where evaporation exceeds precipitation are called ________ climates.

14. Climates near the equator are warmer than at the poles because _____.

15. Af and am climates form a discontinuous belt astride the ________.

16. An air mass originating in the gulf of mexico should be labeled ________.

17. After the center of a mature wave cyclone passes, you should expect ________.

18. A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.

19. ________ clouds form sheets or layers that cover much of the sky.

20. Radar gathers information about precipitation in clouds by measuring the ____.

21. In the vertical, the pressure gradient force points ____ and gravity points ____.

22. In the northern hemisphere, winds associated with a high pressure system blow ________.

23. Seasonal variations in co2 recorded at mauna loa observatory are related to ________.

24. The western u.s. climate is different from the western european climate because ________.

25. The sahara and australian deserts (among others) are associated with the ________.

26. The polar front jet stream blows ____.

27. The polar front and subtropical jet streams are both high-altitude flows which circulate ________.

28. The major difference between a wet tropical region and a tropical wet and dry region is ________.

29. Prevailing surface winds are named for the ________.

30. On the eastern side of the rocky mountains, chinook winds are enhanced when ____.

31. Fast-moving currents of air that occur above the friction layer are called _____.

32. During the warm phase of enso, a belt of much warmer than normal water appears along the_____.

33. Coastal alaska and norway are in the ________ group of climates.

34. Circulation in the troposphere is mainly a(n) ________ system.

35. An example of a geostrophic wind is ________.

36. What is Bermuda High?

37. What does a barometer measure?

38. What is another name for the aurora australis?

39. What is the aurora caused by?

40. Can the atmosphere be divided into layers?

41. When does aphelion occur?

42. What is a heat wave?

43. What is an urban area characterized by temperatures higher than those of the surrounding non-urban area called?

44. What are the consequences of an increase in surface temperature in an urban area?

45. Halocarbons are responsible for which of the following?

46. What are halocarbons?

47. Which of the following statements is NOT correct about habitat fragmentation?

48. Greenhouse Effect is caused by:

49. What is the Greenhouse Effect?

50. What does GWP measure?

51. Global Warming is caused by increased levels of:

52. What is Global Average Temperature?

53. How much area must a mass of ice have to be considered a glacier?

54. What is the second largest reservoir of water on Earth?

55. What does the geosphere include?

56. What does General Circulation Model (GCM) simulate?

57. What is Fuel Switching?

58. How long ago were fossil fuels formed?

59. Fossil fuels are formed from what?

60. What is a forcing mechanism?

61. Which of the following is not a Forcing Mechanism?

62. What do fluorocarbons contain?

63. Fluorinated gases are used in which of the following?

64. What is an example of positive feedback?

65. What is the name for factors which increase or amplify the rate of a process?

66. What is the combined process of evaporation from the Earth's surface and transpiration from vegetation called?

67. What is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor called?

68. What is enteric fermentation?

69. What are greenhouse gases?

70. How does the ENERGY STAR program help businesses and individuals?

71. What is "energy efficiency"?

72. What does an emissions factor allow you to do?

73. Emissions refers to the release of what type of substance into the atmosphere?

74. What is the release of a substance into the atmosphere called?

75. El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is associated with a fluctuation of the intertropical surface pressure pattern and circulation in which two oceans?

76. What does eccentricity refer to?

77. What is dryland farming?

78. What is desertification?

79. Why does deforestation contribute to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations?

1. During the winter, the bermuda high migrates to the and becomes the .

5. On a cold, windy day, the air feels because the wind .

6. Land has a specific heat than water and therefore heats more .

9. During the day along the coast, the wind tends to blow toward the because .

21. In the vertical, the pressure gradient force points and gravity points .