An arithmetic checksum _______ the individual characters to be transmitted.

At the end of the data character, one or two ____ bits are added to signal the end of the frame.

A new parameter that might have an impact on metropolitan area design is the ____.

The interval during which the signals propagate down the bus and back is the ____.

Stop-and-wait arq uses ___________ type of data flow.

The wireless lan term for a collection of multiple basic service sets is ____.