Research (Planning, Conducting, and Reporting) Quiz # 17

Archival data are a type of physical trace.

True

False

Which form of observation involves no interference on the part of the researcher?

Covert observation

Ethnography

Naturalistic

Participant

Triangulation is similar to convergent validity.

True

False

Which of the following starts with observations and then crafts a theory out of them?

Ethnography

Focus groups

Grounded theory

Phenomenology

In a Between-Subjects design, participants are exposed to only one condition of the experiment.

True

False

Which design involves the participant being exposed to one condition of one independent variable and multiple conditions of a second variable?

Between-Subjects design

Within-Subjects design

Mixed-Subjects design

Within-Groups design

A Between-Subjects design has the advantage of allowing us to analyze the impact of carryover effects.

True

False

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a Between-Subjects design?

A particular treatment can be isolated.

The approach reduces the chances of participants guessing the hypothesis.

There are no carryover effects.

The researcher can compare participants’ behavior under different conditions.

Factor is another word for variable in a Between-Subjects design.

True

False

Which of the following refers to the dependent variable?

Factor

Treatment

Levels

Effect

An interaction occurs when the effect of one dependent variable changes with the levels of a second dependent variable.

True

False

Which statistic should you use if you have one independent variable with two levels (participants only receive one condition) and an interval/ratio dependent variable?

Independent samples t-test

One Way ANOVA

Multivariate ANOVA

Linear regression

In a 3 x 2 ANOVA, which of the following is true?

There are two independent variables, one with 3 levels and another with 2.

There are three independent variables, both with 2 levels.

There is one independent variable with three levels and one dependent variable with 2 levels.

There are two dependent variables, one with three levels and another with 2.

A matched groups design involves two groups of participants who are identical other than being different people.

True

False

Error rate comparison is defined as the probability of making a Type I error when conducting a single statistical test.

True

False

In a 3 x 2 ANOVA, which of the following is true?

There are two independent variables, one with 3 levels and another with 2.

There are three independent variables, both with 2 levels.

There is one independent variable with three levels and one dependent variable with 2 levels.

There are two dependent variables, one with three levels and another with 2.

In an experiment, everything should be kept the same except for the variables under study. This is called which of the following?

Reliability

External validity

Consistency

Text modification

The Fair Use Doctrine allows copyrighted materials to be used by the public under certain conditions.

True

False

Multicollinearity occurs when two dependent variables are highly correlated with each other and therefore we can’t separate the impact of one from the other.

True

False

A Within Subjects Design is also called a repeated measures design.

True

False

Which of the following is an advantage of a within subjects design?

A given level of power can be achieved with fewer participants.

There are no carryover effects.

There are no fatigue effects.

There is no error variance.

Context effects include practice, sensitization, and carryover.

True

False

Which of the following causes an improvement in performance?

Practice effects

Sensitization

Fatigue effects

Carryover effects

Experimental mortality means that the participant died and cannot participate in the followup session of your study.

True

False

Which of the following refers to participants dropping out of one group more than another?

Practice effects

Sensitization

Fatigue effects

Differential carryover effects

Within subjects designs should be used in studies of learning, training, and forgetting.

True

False

Which of the following involves using all possible sequences of your treatments only once?

Complete counterbalancing

Partial counterbalancing

Latin Square

Simple complex designs

Complete counterbalancing is best used when there are large numbers of treatments.

True

False

Which design would involve at least one between subjects component and at least one within subjects component?

Between Subjects Design

Within Subjects Design

Mixed Design

Multivariate Design

Pre-post designs are essentially repeated measures.

True

False