Criminal Justice and Criminology (Statistics) Quiz # 7

Which of the following statements describes the only conclusion that can be made from an ANOVA analysis?

That one group mean is different from another.

That a Type I error has occurred.

That the null hypothesis is false.

None of these

A correlation is used when both variables are continuous.

True

False

Correlations can be tested with more than one dependent variable at the same time.

True

False

A zero correlation signifies no relationship between the variables.

True

False

If a null hypothesis is retained, the magnitude of the correlation is examined.

True

False

The coefficient of determination is denoted by r2.

True

False

Which of the following measures do researchers NOT explore when the null is rejected in a correlation analysis?

Tukey’s HSD test

Magnitude

Coefficient of determination

Sign

Which of the following concepts describes the bivariate relationships represented by correlations?

Quadratic

Dichotomous

Linear

Categorical

The population correlation is represented by which Greek letter?

Alpha

Beta

Omega

Rho

Which of the following statements describes a positive correlation?

When a unit increase in the IV produces an increase in the DV.

When a unit increase in the IV produces a decrease in the DV.

When two variables correlate at 1.00.

None of these

Correlation analysis uses which of the following statistical distributions?

Z distribution

F distribution

T distribution

Positively skewed distribution

How are degrees of freedom calculated in correlation analysis?

Df = N – 2

Df = N – 1

Df = K – 1

Df = C1*R1

What does the coefficient of determination represent?

The percentage of the DV that is explained by the other DV

The percentage of the DV that is explained by the IV

The percentage of the IV, explained by the DV

The correlation

Coefficients less than zero signify what type of relationship between the variables?

Positive relationships

Undefined relationships

No relationships at all

Negative relationships

Which statement describes the null hypothesis in correlation analysis?

There is no correlation between the two variables.

There is an undefined relationship between the two variables.

The variables are positively related.

None of these

A bivariate regression contains more than one independent variable.

True

False

The slope coefficient in regression is represented by b.

True

False

The regression formula gives us only empirical values.

True

False

Hypothesis testing using multiple regression is typically considered a two-tailed test.

True

False

Slope coefficients with larger standard errors are generally less accurate than ones with smaller standard errors.

True

False

Which of the following statements provides the best definition for ordinary least squares regression.

A regression analysis that uses one IV and one DV

A regression analysis that uses two or more IVs and one DV

A common procedure for estimating regression equations

None of these

The regression equation produces which type of values?

Predicted y’s

Empirical y’s

X's

Predicted y’s and empirical y’s

What is the most accurate definition for line of best fit?

A random line drawn anywhere

A line that comes closer to the data points than any other lines

A line that touches all of the data points

A linear equation

What item(s) must be calculated before creating a regression equation?

The intercept

The slope coefficient

The intercept and the slope coefficient

The standardized beta

What does the correlation of prediction address?

The empirical y values

The IV

The DV

The quality of predictions

What is the primary reason bivariate regression is problematic?

Social factors typically have more than one cause.

It involves too much math.

Because it is too similar to correlation.

None of these

Which of the following statements provides a definition for the intercept in regression analysis?

The point in which the line crosses the X-axis

The point in which the line crosses the Y-axis

Where two lines bisect each other

Where the normal curve crosses a line

What is the null hypothesis in a regression analysis?

No relationship exists between all the IVs.

There is no difference between groups.

There is no relationship between IVs and DVs.

Regression equations have different nulls depending on circumstance.

The slope in a regression equation is defined as what?

How the IV changes in an equation

Rise over run

The normal distribution

A measure of the change in the DV produced by a one-unit change in the IV

What must be found FIRST in order to determine if a b value is statistically significant?

The standard deviation

The standard error

The t score

The mean