Criminal Justice and Criminology (Statistics) Quiz # 6

Expected frequencies are seen in which of the following circumstance?

When the null is false.

When the null is true.

Either of these

When the independent variable and dependent variable are related.

T Tests require a two class, categorical variable and a continuous variable.

True

False

In dependent sampling designs, the two samples being used are unrelated.

True

False

The main types of dependent sample tests are matched pairs and repeated measures.

True

False

The independent variable in a t test is continuous.

True

False

Matched pair designs are used when researchers need experimental and control groups.

True

False

Which of the following are considered types of independent sample t tests?

Shared variance

Pooled variance

Matched designs

Shared variance and pooled variance

Why do dependent samples require different types of t tests than independent samples?

Because manipulations are necessary with dependent samples

Because the distributions are different

Because of issues with variance

None of these

What is the proper statistical distribution for two population tests?

T curve

Chi-square

Z curve

ANOVA

Which of the following designs is common for evaluating programs?

Matched pair

Independent samples t

Dependent samples t

Repeated measure designs

Which of the following is the proper test to use when the independent samples are divided into groups and the population variances are equal?

Matched pair

Pooled variance

Independent sample t

Chi-square

Which of the following is considered a dependent sample t test?

Matched pairs

Shared variance

Repeated measures

Matched pairs and repeated measures

Which of the following statements is true in independent sampling designs?

The samples are related to one another.

The samples have equal variances.

The selection of one sample does not affect that of another.

The samples are normally distributed.

What point in time are the measurements taken in before/after designs?

Prior to/after an intervention

Before/after selecting participants

Before hypothesis testing

All of these

When is a two-tailed non-directional hypothesis test used?

It can be used any time.

When researchers hypothesize that one mean is larger/smaller than the other.

When the sample size is of a certain size.

None of these

Which of the following is NOT a piece of information needed to find the critical value of t, using the t table?

Number of tails in a test

Alpha level

The variance

The degrees of freedom

The ANOVA test is used when the independent variable has two or more classes.

True

False

Familywise error increases the likelihood of a Type I error.

True

False

Between and within group variance are analyzed in an ANOVA test.

True

False

Degrees of freedom are included in the calculation of an ANOVA test.

True

False

Tukey’s HSD test is a post hoc test commonly used with ANOVA analysis.

True

False

Which of the following is an example of a post hoc test used with ANOVA analysis?

T test

Bonferroni

Two-way ANOVA

MANCOVA

Which of the following is an example of a measure of association used with ANOVA analysis?

Bonferroni

Tukey

Omega square

None of these

In an ANOVA test, the dependent variable must be in which of the following forms?

Continuous

Categorical

It can be either.

Dichotomized

Which of the following provides a definition for within-group variance?

The amount of diversity that exists within a single group

The degree to which group data differ between groups

The standard deviation of a group

The range of a group

Which of the following specifies the distribution that is used with an ANOVA test statistic?

The t distribution

The mean

The z distribution

The F distribution

Which of the following statements describes how the obtained F value is calculated?

Dividing MSB by MSW

Dividing SSB by SSW

Dividing mean by standard deviation

None of these

What is being compared in a Tukey’s HSD test?

Grand means

Each group’s mean to each other group’s mean

T tests

Z tests

How is within-group degrees of freedom calculated?

DFW = N – K

DFW = sum of squares/mean

DFW = K – 1

None of these

Which of the following statements accurately describes the purpose of an ANOVA analysis?

It is a fancy way of conducting a t test.

It is a not a type of statistical analysis.

It combines means and variances to test for significant differences.

It is used in conjunction with the MANOVA test.