Criminal Justice and Criminology (Statistics) Quiz # 3

Which of the following statements describes a positively skewed distribution?

Clusters in the middle of a distribution

Clusters on the left side of the distribution

Clusters on the right side of the distribution

Has a significant amount of positive and negative values

Dispersion and range are synonymous.

True

False

The variation ratio can be used with nominal and ordinal data.

True

False

One of the range’s weaknesses as a measure of dispersion is that it is complicated to calculate.

True

False

The bounding rule states that proportions always range from 0.00 to 1.00.

True

False

Which of the following is NOT a measure of dispersion?

Range

Variation ratio

Mode

Standard deviation

Which of the following is the most important measure of dispersion?

Standard deviation

Variance

Standard deviation and variance

None of these

The variance can be used with which of the following types of data?

Continuous

Categorical

Continuous and categorical

None of these

The variation ratio informs us about which of the following?

Where the data clusters

How far the data is from the mean

Where data is most frequently is occurring

The range of the data

Which of the following provides the definition for the standard deviation?

The range of a data set

The distance between individual raw scores and the mean

The normal distribution

All of these

In relation to the standard deviation what is the fundamental idea behind the normal distribution?

Many standard deviation values exist throughout the distribution.

All values in the distribution are distributed normally.

Data in the distribution are distributed normally.

Two-thirds of the scores in the distribution lie one standard deviation above or below the mean.

Which of the following statements regarding deviation scores are true?

We often end up with too many numbers.

A summary statistic that represents all scores is needed.

The sum of all deviation scores always equals zero.

All of these

Why are measures of dispersion important in statistics?

They tell us averages.

They provide information that measures of central tendency do not.

These measures are not important in statistics.

They explicitly help us organize data.

The range is calculated using what type of scores?

Frequency scores

Z-scores

Raw scores

T-scores

The formula to calculate the standard deviation involves the square root.

True

False

Which of the following numbers is NOT a standard deviation score?

5.47

–6.34

1.34

0.25

Binomials are represented by the normal curve.

True

False

The formula for a z score is z= X – mean/S.

True

False

Probability is defined as the likelihood an event will occur.

True

False

T Scores are used to standardize scores in the normal distribution.

True

False

A curve is unimodal when it has multiple peaks.

True

False

Which of the following letters are contained in the formula for the binomial coefficient?

N

R

S

N and R

What is the ultimate goal of binomials?

To find P values

To find the p(r) value for every possible r value

To find the z score

To find the t score

What is the purpose of a z score?

To create new numbers

To simplify binomials

To standardize scores

None of these

The area under the normal curve represents which of the following?

A set of values

Standard deviations

The mean

The portion of scores between two raw values

Which of the following can be found in a z table?

Nonsensical numbers

T scores

A chart that contains the area of the curve that is between the mean and a given z score

All of these

Why are researchers interested in z scores that are not between –1.00 and 1.00 standard deviation from the mean?

They rarely occur and give pertinent information.

The scores are more complicated.

The scores occur frequently and are of interest.

The scores indicate causation.

What type of statistics allows researchers to bridge the gap between populations and samples?

Descriptive statistics

Inferential statistics

Z statistics

T statistics

Which of the following is the outcome of a coin flip an example of?

Proportion

Standard deviation

Mean

Probability

Which of the following provides a definition for a theoretical prediction?

The same as an empirical outcome

A policy analysis

A logical prediction as to whether or not an event will occur

None of these