Criminal Courts (U.S.) Quiz # 6

At the beginning of a trial, attorneys for both the prosecution and defense make opening statements.

True

False

Expert witnesses may express their opinions about things that are within the area of their expertise.

True

False

Husbands and wives cannot be forced to testify against each other.

True

False

All questions regarding the admissibility of evidence are handled during pretrial motions.

True

False

Closing arguments are considered evidence, even though opening arguments are not.

True

False

The defendant in a criminal case has a right to cross-examine witnesses against him or her.

True

False

During deliberation, the jury can ask questions of the judge.

True

False

All 50 states require a unanimous verdict to convict a defendant.

True

False

Race, gender, and socioeconomic status have all been identified as predictors of a hung jury.

True

False

Which type of evidence consists of fingerprints, DNA, stolen property, documents, and other tangible items?

Real evidence

Testimonial evidence

Direct evidence

Indirect evidence

Which type of evidence is also known as circumstantial evidence?

Real evidence

Testimonial evidence

Direct evidence

Indirect evidence

Who first introduces evidence in a criminal trial?

Defense attorney

Prosecuting attorney

Attorney general

Judge

Which Amendment includes the right to compel witnesses to come to court and testify in a case?

First

Fourth

Fifth

Sixth

When are decisions regarding jury instructions generally made?

Pretrial conference

Appeals hearing

Charging conference

Sentencing hearing

Collective incapacitation falls into the utilitarian classification of punishment.

True

False

A majority of states that allow for the death penalty provide an automatic review of a death sentence by the state’s highest court.

True

False

All offenders who are tried in U.S. district courts and who receive a prison sentence are incarcerated in a federal prison.

True

False

Every state has some minimum mandatory sentence for certain crimes.

True

False

In most jurisdictions, judges are given almost unlimited discretion when sentencing offenders for most offenses.

True

False

The primary factors determining an offender’s sentence are the seriousness of the offense and the offender’s criminal record.

True

False

Women are sentenced less harshly than men.

True

False

Victim characteristics appear to become especially relevant in sexual assault cases.

True

False

Evidence supports the existence of a trial penalty/jury tax.

True

False

Defendants who are held in jail before trial tend to receive harsher sentences.

True

False

Which of the following is not considered a suspect classification?

Race/ethnicity

Gender

Age

Social class

Which of the justifications for punishment asserts that offenders who are blameworthy should be punished?

Retributive

Incapacitation

Deterrence

Rehabilitation

Which of the justifications for punishment addresses harm to the victim and the community?

Retribution

Incapacitation

Deterrence

Restorative justice

Which concept asserts that offenders convicted of certain serious types of crimes should be locked up to protect society from them?

Specific deterrence

General deterrence

Collective incapacitation

Selective incapacitation

What 1976 Supreme Court case ended the moratorium on the death penalty?

Gregg v. Georgia

Furman v. Georgia

Woodson v. North Carolina

Atkins v. Virginia

Appeals filed after adjudication are subject to few restrictions.

True

False