Business Research Quiz # 5

________ is a found causal relationship generalized across persons, places, and times; the validity of inferences about whether the cause-effect relationship generalizes to persons, settings, treatment variables, and measurement variables (see reference 20 in Chapter 8).

Explanatory study

Descriptive study

Exploratory study

External validity

Interpretivist is a view held by qualitative researchers who believe that people construct an image of reality based on their own preferences and prejudices and their interactions with others (see reference 73 in Chapter 1).

True

False

____ is a set of assumptions or a belief system shared by members of a scientific community.

Paradigm

Positivist

Practical research

Pragmatism worldview

_______ is a view held by researchers that are preoccupied with the scientific method because it emphasizes the most objective methods to achieve the closest estimate of empirical reality.

Paradigm

Positivist

Practical research

Pragmatism worldview

Fits somewhere in the middle of the continuum between basic and applied research is known as _______

Paradigm

Positivist

Practical research

Pragmatism worldview

Sidesteps the contentious issues of truth and reality, accepts, philosophically, that there are singular and multiple realities that are open to empirical inquiry and orients itself toward solving practical problems in the “_____” (see reference 79 in Chapter 1).

Ideal world

Fairy land

Fantastic world

Real world

______ is any method that produces predictions, regardless of its underlying mathematical approach.

Predictive model

Promotional model

Parts Model

None of these

_____ are the attempts to anticipate future performance before it occurs, usually with regression-based statistics and advanced modeling techniques.

Predictive study

Correlational Study

Experimental Study

None of these

Realism worldview is a view embraced by some researchers that is somewhat different to positivism in that “reality exists independent of the mind and that what a researcher’s senses show her or him is the truth, although the researcher is influenced by worldviews and their own experiences” (see reference 77 in Chapter 1).

True

Fasle

________ Performs the most basic purpose of research: delving into an issue or topic “to provide an account of something” (see reference 15 in Chapter 1).

Reporting study

Realism worldview

Predictive study

Correlational Study

Strong inference consists of applying the following steps are _____.

One

Two

Three

Four

Worldview is a point of view,______, philosophy, or conception of the world that shapes one’s view of “knowing.”

Certainty

Mindset

Proof

Awful attitude

Abduction is a form of illogical inference in which two chooses the hypothesis that would be the best explanation if the evidence were true

True

False .

Support that brings credibility to a warrant’s reliability or relevance; also explains the connections between_______

The data

Warrant

Claim

All of these

_____and polytomous (multicategory) variables that are discrete because only certain finite values (categories) are possible is known as Categorical

Dichotomous

Associated closely

Associated

Intimately linked

Claim consists of _______

The statement, thesis

May be fact based, value based

Both a and b

None of these

_____ is a generalized meaning associated with particular events, objects, conditions, and situations that aggregates objects or events that have common characteristics beyond a single observation.

Concept

Construct

Concrete

Corporeality

An image or idea invented explicitly for a given research, testing, or theory-building purpose is known as ___.

Concept

Construct

Concrete

Corporeality

Continuous variable is a metric (interval-ratio) variable that takes on any value in an ordered set of values in a less range.

True

False

____ is a variable that is held constant (unchanging) throughout an experiment or observation designed to test the impact of the independent variable.

Control variable

Correlational hypothesis

Criterion variable

None of these

_______ are states that variables occur together in some specified way that establishes an association or trend.

Control variable

Correlational hypothesis

Criterion variable

None of these

The correlation-based nonexperimental study is known as Criterion variable .

True

False

Data consists of ______.

The grounds, facts

Used to prove

Support the claim.

All of these

_____ is a form of reasoning that claims to be conclusive; the conclusions must necessarily follow from the reasons given if the premises are valid and the form is correct.

Deduction

Increase

Augmentation

Added costs

DV is the presumed effect in an _______study.

Longitudinal

Experimental

Correlational

None of these

Typically states the existence, size, form, or distribution of some variable. As a univariate hypothesis, it contains only one variable; but may also refer to several variables or groups. Is known as ____.

Dichotomous variable

Descriptive hypothesis

Discrete variable

None of these

______ has only two values reflecting the presence or absence of a property.

Dichotomous variable

Descriptive hypothesis

Discrete variable

None of these

Empirical testing is Uses “observations and propositions based on sensory experience and/or derived from such experience by methods . . . Including mathematics and statistics” to test a hypothesis (see reference 3 in chapter 2).

True

False

Explanatory are Suggests that the presence of, or a change in, one variable (iv) causes an effect to occur in the other variable _______.

DV

PV

CV

IV

Extraneous is a variable intentionally being studied or known to an experimenter that may affect the income or introduction.

True

False