A covert channel permits the transfer of information in such a way that it violates the system's security policy.

Which of the following options is defined as the tendency to change the internal schema without affecting the conceptual schema?

Which of the following levels of a data storage virtualization technology involves block-level striping with distributed parity?

Which one of the given options is not a component of a storage manager in a database management system?

A database table must have only one primary key and one super key.

Which attributes is represented by the entity-relationship (E-R) diagram given in the image?

A ____ is a column in a table that describes a characteristic about a record.

________ involves standardizing the format of data retrieved from different systems.

____ yields better performance.

Which of the following statements about normal forms is/are true?

Consider the schema R = (ABCD) and the functional dependencies A -> B, B -> C, C -> D and D -> A. Let R = (R1 and R2) be a decomposition, such that R1 {'1 R2 = cp. The decomposition is in .