The u.s. supreme court case, _____, upheld the concept of preventive detention for juveniles.

The innocence protection act of 2004 provides federal funds to help eliminate ________.

Intimate partners are those people with whom the victim has had a _____ relationship.

An outlook can be characterized as _____ because it assumes the worst.

Edwin sutherland applied elements of ________ theory to white-collar crime.

American adults account for __________ percent of all prison and jail inmates worldwide.

Critical criminology is an umbrella term for a variety of theories united only by the assumption that conflict and power relations between various classes of people best characterize the nature of society.

What is the lowest class in Marxist theory?

Alienation describes the distancing of individuals from something.

All social process theories represent the joining of which two disciplines?

Who developed differential association theory?