Which of the following is not an example of a source of archival research?
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Participant observations
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Someone who appears to be a participant but is actually working with the researcher is known as a(n) ______.
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Confederate
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Which of the following is a potential flaw of observational studies?
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Observer bias
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When does a pilot study happen?
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Before the main study is conducted
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Which of the following might be a concern when conducting a survey?
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Social desirability bias
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Which of the following is a potential flaw of interviews?
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Correct Answer:
All of these
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A type of probability sampling in which every single member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample is known as ______.
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Correct Answer:
Simple random sampling
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When a researcher seeks out the full range of extremes in the population for representation in her sample, this is known as ______.
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Maximum variation sampling
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If you rely on participants to recruit other participants for you, you are likely using ______.
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Snowball sampling
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If you measure how long a person takes to wash his or her hands in a public restroom, you are measuring ______.
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Task completion time
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Pattern of change in prevalence over _____ is called trend
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Time
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The time it takes to complete a task is known as
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Task completion time
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Interviews or questionnaires in which participants report on their attitudes and behaviors is called survey research
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Correct Answer:
True
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Sub population is a portion or subgroup of the population.
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Correct Answer:
True
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All questions, follow-up ques-tions, and responses by the interviewer are determined beforehand to ensure that all the participants have a very similar experience is called structured reviews
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Correct Answer:
True
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A type of probability sampling that results in the sample representing key sub-populations based on characteristics such as age, gender, and ethnicity.is called
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Correct Answer:
Stratified random sampling
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Participants may respond based on how they want to be perceived or what is socially acceptable is called non social desirability bias
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Correct Answer:
False
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______ is a type of probability sampling in which every single member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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Correct Answer:
Snowball sampling
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There is a set of core questions or topics that the interviewer will follow, but the interviewer may prompt for more information, ask fol-low-up questions, or clarify questions as the interviewer deems necessary is called Semi-structures interviews
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Correct Answer:
True
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Research data that were collected by one researcher or group but analyzed by a different researcher or group.
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Secondary data
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When some members of a population are overrepresented in the sample is known as
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Sampling bias
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The process by which a sample is selected is known as _____
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Sampling
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A subset of the population from which _____ are collected is called sample
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Data
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Reaction time is a time taken by participant to respond to a stimulus.
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Correct Answer:
True
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A numerical rating of a particular quality is called .
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Rating scale
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Random selection without replacement is a selected member of the population is removed from the pool of possible participants so that any member may be selected into the sample only once.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Random selection with replacement is a selected member of the population is returned to the pool of pos-sible participants so that any member may be selected into the sample more than once.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Random selectiob is a process of selecting a sample in which all members of a population or a subpopulation have an equal chance of being selected.
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Correct Answer:
True
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A type of nonprobability sampling that results in the sample representing key subpopulations based on characteristics such as age, gender, and ethnicity.
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Quota sampling
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________ sampling is a process of obtaining a study sample using random selection.
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Probability sampling
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Prevalence is a common or widespread behavior, attitude, characteristic, or condition is within a specific time period
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Correct Answer:
True
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The group that a researcher is interested in examining defined by specific characteristics such as resi-dency, occupation, gender, or age is called
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Correct Answer:
Population
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A preliminary study with a small sample to test measures and procedures is called pilot study
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Correct Answer:
True
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The researcher or observer becomes actively involved in the situation.
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Correct Answer:
Participant observation
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No attempts are made to hide the observation is known as ______
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Overt observation
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In ______the observers pay closer attention to behaviors that support their expectations or interpret behaviors in ways that support their expectations or lose their focus on the target behavior.
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Correct Answer:
Observer bias
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The extent to which those who were selected and participated in the study differ from those who were selected but did not participate is known as
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Correct Answer:
Non response bias
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Process of obtaining a study sample without using random selection is called
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Nonprobability sampling
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The researcher or observer is not directly involved in the situation is called participant observation
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Correct Answer:
False
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Naturalistic observation is observation that occurs in a natural environment or situation and does not involve interference by anyone involved in the research.
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Correct Answer:
True
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A detailed account of behaviors or responses is called narrative
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Correct Answer:
True
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A _________ strategy in which the researcher seeks out the full range of extremes in the population is called maximum variation sampling
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Correct Answer:
Nonprobability sam-pling
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The ______between stopping one task and begin-ning a new task is called latency
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Correct Answer:
Time
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______ is the interviewer may provide verbal or nonverbal cues that impact how the participant responds..
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Correct Answer:
Interviewer bias
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How long a behavior lasts is known as?
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Correct Answer:
Duration
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Covert Observations are made without the participants’ awareness
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Correct Answer:
True
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A type of nonprobability sam-ple made up of those volunteers or others who are readily available and willing to participate is called
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Correct Answer:
Convenience sampling
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The researcher sets up the sit-uation and observes how participants or subjects respond is called
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Correct Answer:
Contrived research
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A measure of how likely the _____ will fall within a stated confidence interval is. called confidence level
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Correct Answer:
Scores
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Confidence interval is an estimation of the range of val-ues within which the scores will fall (margin of error).
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Correct Answer:
True
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Someone who is working with the researcher but pretends to be a participant or bystander is called confederate
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Correct Answer:
True
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A type of probability sampling in which groups, or clusters, are randomly selected instead of individuals is called
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Correct Answer:
Cluster sampling
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Checklist is a list of qualities or behaviors that are checked if present.
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Correct Answer:
True
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Observers are not informed of the _______ in order to reduce observer bias is called blind observer.
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Correct Answer:
Hypotheses
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Analysis of existing data or records is called
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Correct Answer:
Archival research
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