Statistics Quiz # 16

When values one or more of the variables are used to predict the value of another variable, the best method to be used is ______.

ANOVA

EFA

MANOVA

Multiple regression

Cronbach’s alpha is best described as the ______.

Average of several thousand bootstrapped test–retest reliabilities

Correlation of one half of the items with the other half

Average of all possible split-half reliabilities

Ratio of error variance to true score variance

The primary characteristic of general linear models (GLM) is that ______.

At least one pair of variables in the model must have a linear relationship

All pairs of quantitative variables in the model must be linear

Nonparametric statistics are used in the matrix solutions

All analyses must be conducted using standardized scores

An exabyte is about ______.

One trillion bytes

One quintillion bytes

One billion bytes

One million bytes

The practice of looking for patterns in large data sets is called ______.

Data spinning

Data tracking

Data mining

Data development

“Big data” includes information from ______.

Social media interactions

Traffic patterns

Weather data

All of these

Big data analysis skills are highly coveted by employers because they help companies influence consumer buying habits.

True

False

A table that allows you to easily visualize and manipulate rows and columns as well as the contents of cells is called a ______.

Pivot table

Cross-tabulation

Data modeler

Database

The example in this chapter focused on trends in ______.

Baby names

Online grocery purchases

Music streaming

School attendance

An SPSS function that could be used for determining the number of occurrences of something in a year is called ______.

Aggregation

Frequencies

DAVERAGE

A crosstab table

There is an entire industry devoted to data mining.

True

False

Large data sets found online may be updated periodically.

True

False

When a data set is very big, it doesn’t matter how “good” the data is, because there is so much.

True

False

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the chi-square test of independence?

It requires a numerical (quantitative) score for each individual.

The sample must be random.

Population parameters such as μ and σ must be known.

The observations must not be independent.

If I calculated my phi coefficient to be 0.35, what would this mean?

That there is a small effect size

That there is a medium effect size

That there is a large effect size

That there is no effect size at all

Parametric is to nonparametric as ______ is to ______.

Chi-square test for independence; independent-groups t test

Correlated-groups t test; independent-groups t test

Independent-groups t test; chi-square test for independence

None of these

When are nonparametric procedures used instead of parametric procedures?

When a more powerful test is needed

When our data do not meet the assumptions of parametric procedures

When our sample is relatively small

When measurement is interval or ratio

The sum of the observed frequencies from all categories must equal ______.

The expected frequencies for each category

The frequencies expected in the population

Df

N

Nonparametric is to parametric as ______ is to ______.

T-test; z-test

Z-test; t-test

Chi-square-test; t-test

T-test; chi-square-test

Which of the following statements about nonparametric procedures is FALSE?

Nonparametric procedures do not assume that samples come from population distributions.

Nonparametric procedures do not assume a normal distribution.

Nonparametric procedures do not assume homogeneous variance.

The data used with nonparametric procedures may be nominal or ordinal.

Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the χ2 test?

T is a nonparametric test.

It is appropriate only for ordinal data.

The frequency in each cell should be at least 5.

The sample should be randomly selected.

Nonparametric procedures are usually NOT our first choice among statistical procedures because ______.

The probability of making a Type I error is too high

The probability of making a Type II error is too high

Nonparametric procedures are not inferential statistics

They are less powerful than parametric procedures

In a chi-square procedure, we test whether “the frequencies in each category in the sample data ______

Change in a consistent fashion.”

Have equal variances.”

Represent specific frequencies in the population.”

Represent the category means in the population.”

What is the consequence of violating one of the necessary assumptions of parametric inferential statistics?

The null hypothesis is never rejected.

The null hypothesis is never retained.

The actual probability of making a Type I error is larger than α.

The actual probability of making a Type I error is smaller than α.

A set of tools and techniques used to describe, organize, and interpret information or data is called

Statistics

Physics

Variation

All of these

Values that organize and describe the characteristics of a collection of data is called ____

Data point

Data set

Data value

All of these

Data set is set of data ____

Numbers

Points

Values

Scores

A record of an observation or an event such as a test score, a grade in math class, or response time is called

Value

Data

Set

Observation

Sample is subset of a _____

Individual

Population

Data

Value

Inferential statistics that are used to infer characteristics of a population based on data from a sample of that population.

True

False