Statistics Quiz # 1

Abuse of power means_____

The use of more participants than necessary

The use of more resources than necessary

The use of irrelevant information

All of these

Confounding variable is a variable that varies systematically with the dependent variable, and prevents a clear interpretation of the effect of the _____ on the dependent variable.

Continuous variable

Independent variable

Discrete variable

All of theses

A measurement scale where an individual measurement can be made at any point along the range of the scale is known as_____

Confounding variable

Continuous variable

Discrete variable

Dependent variable

Dependent variable is also called as_____

Continuous variable

Response variable

Discrete variable

Both a and b

Descriptive statistics refer to a group of techniques used to describe data in a straightforward abbreviated manner that may include the number of participants, their ages,graphs and _____

Means

Pie charts

Tables

All of these

Dichotomous variable is a measurement scale where an individual measurement can fall into only _____ discrete categories.

Two

Four

Eight

Any

The values between the discrete variables are_____

Meaningful

Somewhat meaningful

Not meaningful

Both a and b

In double blind experiment the participants are kept unaware of the experimenter’s hypothesis, and the experimenter is kept aware of the participants’ group affiliation until after the dependent variable has been measured.

True

False

All are studied in an experimental design except_____

The framework or structure for how an experimental study will be conducted

Manipulation of control

Specifying the number of groups to be studied

All are correct

Extreme group design is an experimental design where_____ participants on some criterion variable are chosen and then compared on some other dependent or response variable.

Top ranked

Bottom ranked

Mid ranked

Both a and b

A testable educated guess that guides research that is generated by a more general theory is known as_____

Observation

Hypothesis

Theory

Law

Techniques that are used on samples to make inferences about population values refer to_____

Discrete statistics

Inferential statistics

Descriptive statistics

Both b and c

A measurement scale in which the units of measurement are equal along the length of the scale and rational zero point _____

1

2

3

Not present

Measurement error is the difference between an obtained value of the dependent variable and what would be the theoretically true value.

True

False

Nocebo effect is the belief of a participant in an experiment or a patient that a drug or treatment will_____

Treat them

Harm them

Have no effect

None of these

In nominal scale the data is _____

Ranked numerically

Named

Labeled

Both b and c

Operational definition is the definition of a concept by means of the operations or procedures that were used to _____ it.

Make

Produce

Measure

All of these

In ordinal scale the data are rank-ordered according to the_____

Label

Trait

Number

All of these

Common and conventionally accepted ways of measuring numerical data characteristics such as _____

Mean

Standard deviation

Both

None

In placebo effect the drug given is_____

Low dose

Toxic dose

Inert

All of these

Population is most often a theoretical group of all possible scores with the same trait or traits.

True

False

The standard for minimum power in psychological research is_____

8.0

0.80

80

0.08

The power of a test is estimated by _____

β

1 – β

β-1

0-β

A statistical procedure designed to help the researcher determine the minimum sample size that will help determine whether a treatment or procedure really works is known as_____

Parameter

Power analysis

Significance

All of these

A measurement scale in which the units of measurement are equal and there is a rational zero point is known as_____

Interval scale

Nominal scale

Ordinal scale

Ratio scale

The significance level in replication is _____

0.005

0.05

0.5

5.0

Common and conventionally accepted ways of measuring numerical data characteristics such as _____

Mean

Standard deviation

Both

None

A smaller group of scores selected from the population of scores is known as sample.

True

False

Sigma is a symbol used to indicate that a set of numbers should be_____

Subtracted

Added

Divided

Multiplied

Findings are considered statistically significant if the probability that we are wrong is _____

Equal to 0.05

Less than 0.05

More than 0.05

All of these