Psychology MCQ
Fechner's work had proved immanuel kant wrong when kant said that ____.
Psychology could never be a science
The brain would never be mapped
Nothing good ever comes out of Leipzig
Mental phenomena do not exist
Sensations reliably reflect the object in the material world
Answer
Correct Answer:
Psychology could never be a science
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Fechner wrote satirical essays ridiculing medicine and science under the pen name ____.
Dr. Weber
Dr. Mises
Mr. Misfortune
Dr. Kopf
Dr. Misfortune
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dr. Mises
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According to jung, in our ____, we retain experiences of our ancestors, animal and human.
Child analysis
Inferiority feelings
Collective unconscious
Personal unconscious
Answer
Correct Answer:
Collective unconscious
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According to descartes, the pineal gland was the part of the brain ____.
Where innate ideas are stored
Where derived ideas are stored
That controlled the activities of the mind
Where the mind and body interact
Where all ideas are stored
Answer
Correct Answer:
Where the mind and body interact
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Overall, the set point for happiness is _____ and it is determined:
Relatively high; at least partly by genetics.
After your dog dies
Adrenaline
Resistance
Answer
Correct Answer:
Relatively high; at least partly by genetics.
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Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.
Positive outlook and positive expectations.
Tendency toward a positive outlook and positive expectations
Significantly elevated rates of heart disease
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Positive outlook and positive expectations.
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Positive, short-term, motivating, and inspiring stress is called __________.
Distress
Eustress
Adrenaline
Stressor.
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In response to stress, ________ release(s) stress hormones into the bloodstream.
Lymphocytes
The stomach
NK cells
The adrenal glands
Answer
Correct Answer:
The adrenal glands
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In the past 100 years, the major causes of death have shifted from _____ to _____.
Infectious diseases; chronic diseases
Chronic diseases; accidents
Chronic diseases; infectious diseases
Accidents; infectious diseases
Answer
Correct Answer:
Infectious diseases; chronic diseases
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Over time, smoking behaviors become ______________ to a variety of environmental triggers.
Users
Impulsivity
Conditioned responses
Hippocampus
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conditioned responses
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________ coping tends to be problem-oriented and to focus on the immediate issue.
Indirect
Direct
Defensive
Passive
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Virtual reality exposure treatment for ptsd has been shown to _________
Have no effect on PTSD symptoms.
Have a significant effect in increasing PTSD symptoms.
Have a significant effect in decreasing PTSD symptoms.
Have no scientific basis.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Have a significant effect in decreasing PTSD symptoms.
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A behavior pattern marked by a relaxed, easygoing approach to life describes _____
Sexually transmitted diseases that are caused by viruses
Infections that are spread primarily through intimate sexual contact
Without time urgency, impatience, and hostility of the Type A pattern
People who exhibit chronic emotional distress combined with a tendency to suppress
Answer
Correct Answer:
Without time urgency, impatience, and hostility of the Type A pattern
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___________ is a personality characteristic associated with a lower rate of stress-related illness.
Hardiness, Optimism, or Resilience
Problem_focused
Learned helplessness
Sympathetic
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hardiness, Optimism, or Resilience
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________ messages are more persuasive for encouraging health behaviors with certain outcomes.
Prevention
Promotion-oriented
Negative
Positive
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As compared to men, women are more likely to _____ under stressful circumstances.
Exercise
Eat chocolate
Seek out social support
Engage in confrontive coping
Answer
Correct Answer:
Seek out social support
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A person with a pessimistic explanatory style explains bad events as due to _____ causes.
Internal
Global
Temporary
Internal and global
Answer
Correct Answer:
Internal and global
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Desiring to purchase a book and finding that it is out of stock is an example of a(n) ________.
External frustration
Internal conflict
External conflict
Internal frustration
Answer
Correct Answer:
External frustration
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________ is the optimal amount of stress that people need to promote health and well-being.
Acute stress
Eustress
Distress
Catastrophic stress
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An overactive immune system puts women at higher risk of ________ than men.
High blood pressure
Stomach cancer
Lupus
AIDS
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Avoiding stress is least likely to inhibit the progression of ________ in humans.
Viral infections
Coronary heart disease
Advanced cancer
Bacterial infections
Answer
Correct Answer:
Advanced cancer
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Confrontation, compromise, and withdrawal are all forms of ________.
Self-deception
Direct coping
Indirect coping
Defensive coping
Answer
Correct Answer:
Direct coping
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Altering the dna of a species changes the ____ that a cell makes
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
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About __________ of american adults and __________ of american children are overweight or obese.
Two-thirds; one-fifth
One-quarter; two thirds
Two thirds; one-quarter
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Two-thirds; one-fifth
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A blood alcohol concentration above ________ will often result in death.
0.11
0.21
0.31
0.41
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Two forms of evaluating flexibility are the shoulder flexibility test and the ________ test.
Fiber recruitment
Isometric
Sit-snd-reach
Concentric
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sit-snd-reach
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The language of business meetings is called _____.
Conference language.
Main Street
Business
Wall Street
Financial statements.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Conference language.
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Health psychology is guided by the _____ model of health, illness, and well-being.
Stress
Coping
Psychoneuroimmunology
Biopsychosocial
Answer
Correct Answer:
Biopsychosocial
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Carl goss found that neurons in the ____ respond to complex visual stimuli.
Inferotemporal Cortex
Selective Rearing
Specificity Coding
Inhibitory area
Answer
Correct Answer:
Inferotemporal Cortex
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B lymphocytes inhibit ________, whereas t lymphocytes inhibit ________.
Bacterial infections; viral infections
Heart attacks; strokes
NK cells; cancer cells
HIV; AIDS
Answer
Correct Answer:
Bacterial infections; viral infections
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Academic pressures, relationship discord, and money problems are all examples of __________.
Distress
Downshifting
Stressor
Combat
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When the body attains a stable and consistent physiological state, it has achieved _____.
Homeostasis
Adaptation
Relaxation
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Homeostasis
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The notion that people use drugs and alcohol to reduce anxiety is called the ____ hypothesis.
Daily hassles.
Self-medication
Hypothalamus; sympathetic
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Self-medication
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The hormone oxytocin could be described as being involved in the ______________ response to stress.
Oxytocin
Cortisol
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Norepinephrine.
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Many researchers believe that _______ contribute more to people's stress levels than ____________.
Hassles
Daily hassles; major life events
Burnout
Stress
Answer
Correct Answer:
Daily hassles; major life events
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Lazarus defines stress as the individual's _____ the challenging life event.
Appraisal of.
Social support refers...
Physical exercise refers...
Environmental factors...
Answer
Correct Answer:
Appraisal of.
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A(n) ______ conflict occurs when an individual considers two attractive options.
Resilience
Psychoneuroimmunology
Hardiness
Emotion-focused
Approach-
Answer
Correct Answer:
Approach-
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Rush hour traffic is to upset stomach as ________ is to ________.
Alarm reaction
Stressor; stress reaction
Lymphocyte; macrophage
Type b; type a
Answer
Correct Answer:
Stressor; stress reaction
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_____ is primarily aimed at directly changing or managing a threatening or harmful stressor.
Psychoneuroimmunology
Chronic stress.
Stress
Problem-focused coping
Answer
Correct Answer:
Problem-focused coping
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With respect to acculturation, _____ is the "happy medium" between _____ and _____.
Integration; acceptance; rejection
Integration; assimilation; separation
Assimilation; integration; separation
Separation; assimilation; integration
Answer
Correct Answer:
Integration; assimilation; separation
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Karl popper, a 20th-century philosopher, claimed that genuine scientific theories are __________.
Falsifiable
Reproducible
Verifiable
Confirmable
Answer
Correct Answer:
Falsifiable
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Physical activity tends to _____.
​decrease HDL cholesterol
​increase LDL cholesterol
​raise the risk of type 2 diabetes
​raise blood pressure
​slow resting pulse
Answer
Correct Answer:
​slow resting pulse
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_____ is primarily aimed at relieving or regulating the emotional impact of a stressful situation.
Hostility.
Burnout.
Chronic stress.0
Emotion-focused coping
Answer
Correct Answer:
Emotion-focused coping
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Unrealistic expectations are a type of _______________ stressor.
Identifying stressor
Internal
Realism themselves
Sense of wellness
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The h. pylori bacterium that is associated with ulcer formation is _____.
Not affected by antibiotics
Found in 75% of people who do not have ulcers
Be deposited on and block coronary arteries
None of these
Answer
Correct Answer:
Found in 75% of people who do not have ulcers
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Membership in a religious organization and regular attendance at religious functions ________.
Can be a vital part of a person's social support system
Approach-avoidance
Approach-approach
Minor annoyances of everyday life
Exercise regularly
Answer
Correct Answer:
Can be a vital part of a person's social support system
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Friedman and rosenman referred to relaxed and easygoing individuals as ________ personalities.
Alfred adler
Type A
Temperament
Super ego
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The autonomic nervous system regulates the ________ that accompany(ies) different emotions.
Physiological arousal
Cognitive label
Stress
General Adaptation Syndrome
Answer
Correct Answer:
Physiological arousal
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The dominant area of study for the neobehaviorists was ____.
Perception.
Learning.
The neurophysiology of the brain.
None of the above
Answer
Correct Answer:
Learning.
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Behaviorism was officially established in ____.
1913, with Watson's "Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It".
Unconditioned responses
The body's muscular movement and glandular responses
Replacing religion-based ethics with experimental ethics
Answer
Correct Answer:
1913, with Watson's "Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It".
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In his introspection experiments, titchener wanted his subjects (observers) to ____.
Be passive recorders of the experiences registering on the conscious mind.
Independent and dependent experience
Titchener and Külpe; Wundt
Phenomenological; introspective
Answer
Correct Answer:
Be passive recorders of the experiences registering on the conscious mind.
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A type of reinforcement identified by bandura is ____.
Variable ratio
Vicarious
Fixed interval
Fixed ratio
Variable interval.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Vicarious
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Toward the end of titchener's career, he came to favor the ____ method instead of the ____ method.
Psychophysiological; psychological
Before he went to Leipzig
One; pleasure/displeasure
Phenomenological; introspective.
Answer
Correct Answer:
Phenomenological; introspective.
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The most important antecedent of watson's behaviorism was ____.
Evolutionary theory
Functionalism
Positivism
Animal psychology
Answer
Correct Answer:
Evolutionary theory
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Mainstream smoke is best defined as smoke ____.
Exhaled by a person who smokes
From the lighted end of a cigarette
From the lighted end of a pipe or tobacco
From the lighted end of a cigar
Answer
Correct Answer:
Exhaled by a person who smokes
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Wishful thinking and the use of drugs exemplify the use of _____ coping.
Focused.
Emotion-focused.
Avoidant.
Proactive
Answer
Correct Answer:
Avoidant.
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When an employee is unclear regarding what behavior is expected on the job, role ______ occurs.
Ambiguity
Conflict
Overload
Strain
Answer
Correct Answer:
Ambiguity
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Viral infections are to ________ as bacterial infections are to ________.
T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes
B lymphocytes; B lymphocytes
T lymphocytes; T lymphocytes
B lymphocytes; T lymphocytes
Answer
Correct Answer:
T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes
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The most lethal dimension of type a behavior pattern seems to be ________.
Hostility
Persistence
Increasing efforts
Varying efforts
Answer
Correct Answer:
Hostility
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The first response that people typically make to frustration is ________.
Persistence
Increasing efforts
Varying efforts
Aggression
Answer
Correct Answer:
Persistence
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Social support ________ our ability to cope with stressful events.
Usually decreases
Has no effect on
Usually increases
Has an unpredictable effect on
Answer
Correct Answer:
Usually increases
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Psychological hardiness is characterized by all of the following except __________.
People with psychological hardiness have a strong commitment to their work and a belief that their work is important.
​Those with psychological hardiness have an internal locus of control.
​People with psychological hardiness try to avoid change.
​Psychological hardiness is characterized by openness to challenges.
Answer
Correct Answer:
​People with psychological hardiness try to avoid change.
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One threat to well-being occurs in people who _____.
Believe they have no control over their circumstances
Accumulate too much money
Use meditation and exercise to cope with external stressors
Take charge of their own health
Answer
Correct Answer:
Believe they have no control over their circumstances
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In response to various stressors, ________ increases your heart rate and respiration.
A type B personality profile
The immune system
The sympathetic nervous system
Oxytocin
Answer
Correct Answer:
The sympathetic nervous system
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_____ is a prolonged and severe stress reaction to a catastrophic event.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Substance abuse
AIDS-related dementia
Major depression
Answer
Correct Answer:
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
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Paradoxical sleep is to slow-wave sleep as ________ sleep is to ________ sleep.
Depressants
Cardiac response
REM; NREM-3
NREM-1 sleep
Answer
Correct Answer:
REM; NREM-3
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Type a personality is to type b personality as _____ is to _____.
Epinephrine; norepinephrine
Obesity; cancer
Time-conscious; competitive
Irritable; calm
Answer
Correct Answer:
Irritable; calm
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In a healthy, functioning immune system, ________ search out and destroy cancer cells.
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
NK cells
All
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When we encounter a stressor, the adrenal glands release _____ and _____.
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
A only
A and b
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When the secretions from the gland must go through a duct, it is a(n) _____ gland.
Endocrine
​exocrine
​islets of Langerhans.
​exocrine
Answer
Correct Answer:
​exocrine
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When speaking about the circulatory system we know that ________
Blood travels from the left ventricle to the lungs via the aorta and from the right ventricle to the body via the venae cavae (singular: vena cava)
Newly oxygenated blood travels from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries, and blood from which oxygen has been depleted travels from the lungs to the heart via the pulmonary veins
Oxygen-depleted blood travels from the individual body cells back to the heart and enters the right atrium from the aorta
Oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle and travels to all parts of the body; it then returns to the heart and enters the right atrium
Blood becomes oxygenated as it is pumped from the atria to the ventricles. At the same time, the carbon dioxide is unloaded
Answer
Correct Answer:
Oxygenated blood leaves the left ventricle and travels to all parts of the body; it then returns to the heart and enters the right atrium
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When atp molecules convert to adp molecules, _____ occurs.
Phosphorylation
Dephosphorylation
Elongation
Specialization
Answer
Correct Answer:
Dephosphorylation
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During the first phase of the general adaptation syndrome (gas), the _____ is suddenly activated.
Coronary heart disease
Sympathetic nervous system
Adrenal glands
Answer
Correct Answer:
Sympathetic nervous system
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Coping strategies can be either ________-focused or ________-focused in nature
Problem; emotion
Distress; eustress
Physiological; spiritual
Internally; externally
Answer
Correct Answer:
Problem; emotion
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